股东利润分配请求权的司法保护边界分析  

Analysis on the Boundary of Judicial Protection of Shareholders’ Claim for Profit Distribution

作　　者：沈友平 Shen Youping(School of Law,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan 430073,China)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学法学院

出　　处：《中南财经政法大学研究生学报》2019年第3期140-148,共9页Journal of the Postgraduate of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law

摘　　要：股东利润分配请求权保护,其核心问题在于司法权介入公司利润分配纠纷的边界不明晰。基于原告股东权利是否存有瑕疵,其应分为一般类型和特殊类型两种情形予以研究:就一般类型而言,司法权对公司利润分配纠纷的介入应当保持谦抑性、谨慎性和适度性,可从原告(原告主体资格、损失限度等)和被告(滥用股东权利、有无可分配利润等)两种向度进行全方面审查,明晰自身介入公司利润分配纠纷的边界;就特殊类型而言,瑕疵出资股东、隐名股东以及转让股权的原股东因其股东权利存有瑕疵,致使其提起利润分配之诉的原告主体资格亦存有争论,在此种情形下,应当将享有利润分配请求权作为原告主体资格适格的主要认定标准,而不能仅局限于股东资格的认定。The protection of shareholder’s profit distribution claim is the essence of how the law can coordinate the dynamic balance between the company’s autonomy,shareholder’s profit distribution right and judicial power.It should be divided into two types:general type and special type.In terms of general type,the intervention of judicial power on the company’s profit distribution should be kept modest,prudent and appropriate,from the plaintiff(the plaintiff’s subject qualification,loss limit,etc.) and the defendant(abuse of shareholder rights,with or without distribute profits,etc) the two aspects of the full-face review,to clarify the boundaries of their own involvement in the company’s profit distribution;in terms of special types,the defective shareholder,the invisible shareholder and the original shareholder who transferred the shares have defects in the rights of their shareholders,resulting in a dispute over the main qualification of the plaintiff to file a profit distribution action,in this case,there is also a debate on the subject qualification of the plaintiff.The right to claim for distribution of profits should be regarded as the main criterion for determining the qualification of the plaintiff,but not only limited to the qualification of shareholders.

关 键 词：股东利润分配请求权 股东瑕疵出资 隐名股东 股权转让 

分 类 号：D922.29[政治法律—经济法学]