重工业区户外灰尘重金属含量水平及其生态和健康风险评估  

Levels, ecological and health risk assessments of heavy metals in outdoor dust of a heavy industrial area

作　　者：柴育红 王明新 赵兴青 CHAI Yuhong;WANG Mingxin;ZHAO Xingqing(Huaide College,Changzhou University,Jingjiang,214513,China;School of Environmental & Safety Engineering,Changzhou University,Changzhou,213164,China)

机构地区：[1]常州大学怀德学院,靖江214513 [2]常州大学环境与安全工程学院,常州213164

出　　处：《环境化学》2019年第6期1375-1384,共10页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41641032,41541016)资助~~

摘　　要：以常州的一个重工业区为例,2018年4月采集了工业区内居住区、学校、公园、超市等4个区域的户外灰尘样品共31份,并对其重金属Cd、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni和Pb的含量进行测定,以探究灰尘重金属污染的潜在生态和健康风险.结果表明,灰尘中Cu、Zn、Pb、Ni、Cd和Cr含量均值分别为203.49、1184.52、442.21、124.51、4.82、289.24 mg·kg^-1,均大于江苏省土壤背景值,Ni、Cr含量略高于土壤背景值,Cu、Zn、Pb含量为背景值的8.7-20.1倍,Cd含量为背景值的56.7倍.灰尘中Cd的富集程度为强烈,富集系数为25.47,Pb和Zn为显著富集,Cu为中度富集,其影响可能来自于自然源、交通源和区域工业源,Ni和Cr富集系数较小,影响可能主要是自然源.潜在生态风险评价结果表明,Cd的潜在生态风险极强,对生态风险起主导作用,其它重金属潜在生态风险为轻微.健康风险评价结果表明,Cr和Pb对儿童的非致癌健康风险值超过1,其它重金属对成人与儿童非致癌风险和致癌风险均低于安全阈值.In order to investigate potential ecological and health risks of heavy metals in outdoor dusts,31 outdoor dust samples were collected from the residential areas,schools,parks and supermarkets in a heavy industrial district in Changzhou in April,2018.The concentrations of Cu,Zn,Pb,Ni,Cd and Cr in the samples were determined.The results showed that the average contents of Cu,Zn,Pb,Ni,Cd and Cu were 203.49,1184.52,442.21,124.51,4.82 and 289.24 mg·kg^-1 respectively.The determined values were all above the soil background value of the elements in Jiangsu Province.The contents of Ni and Cr were slightly higher,but the contents of Cu,Zn,and Pb were 8.7-20.1 times,and the content of Cd was 56.7 times,than the soli background values.The enrichment degree was extremely high for Cd with the enrichment value of 25.47,significant for Zn and Pb,moderate for Cu,and slight for Ni and Cr.The possible sources of Cu,Zn,Pb and Cd were from nature,transportation and regional industry.Ni and Cr might be mainly from natural source.The assessment on potential ecological risk showed that the risk of Cd was extremely strong,and it plays a leading role in potential ecology risk.The ecological risk of other metals was slight.The non-carcinogenic risks of Cr and Pb on children were above 1,but non-carcinogenic risks and carcinogenic risks of other metals on human were all below the safety threshold.

关 键 词：工业区 户外灰尘 重金属 潜在生态风险 健康风险 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4