金融包容性对收入不平等和贫困改善的效应——基于BRIC国家的实证分析  

The Effect of Financial Inclusion on Income Inequality and Poverty Improvement——Empirical Analysis Based on BRIC

作　　者：顾国达[1] 吴宛珊[1,2] GU Guoda;WU Wanshan(School of Economy, Zhejiang University;School of Economy, Zhejiang University of Technology)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学经济学院,浙江310027 [2]浙江工业大学经济学院,浙江310014

出　　处：《当代金融研究》2019年第3期88-98,共11页Journal of Contemporary Financial Research

基　　金：浙江省自然科学项目“本土市场效应与跨境电商市场势力提升:长三角典型案例与经验证据”(LY18G030040)

摘　　要：鉴于BRIC国家拥有大量的农村人口,提升金融系统的可及性对改善收入不平等状况、减少贫困具有重要的意义。金砖国家是否实现这些目标是一个值得关注的问题。本文以BRIC国家为例,实证考察了2004年到2017年期间金融包容性对收入不平等、贫困和存款增长率的影响。实证结果表明,金融包容性能有效降低收入不平等,但失业率、转移支付、出口和经济增长都会导致收入不平等加剧。此外,包容性财富并不能改善贫困发生率。但高等教育入学率、出口和人均GDP增长都能有效改善贫困。最后,经验证据表明,人均GDP增长能有效提升存款增长率。Given the large rural population in the BRIC countries, improving the accessibility of the financial system is of great significance for improving income inequality and reducing poverty. Whether the BRIC countries achieve these goals is a matter of concern. Taking BRIC countries as an example, this paper empirically examines the impact of financial inclusion on income inequality, poverty and deposit growth rates from 2004 to 2017. Empirical results show that financial inclusion can effectively reduce income inequality, but unemployment, transfer payments,exports, and economic growth all lead to increased income inequality. In addition, inclusive wealth does not improve the incidence of poverty. But higher education enrollment, exports, and per capita GDP growth can all effectively improve poverty. Finally, empirical evidence suggests that per capita GDP growth can effectively increase deposit growth rates.

关 键 词：金融包容性 BRIC 收入不平等 贫困 

分 类 号：F810.45[经济管理—财政学]