东方朔西游与武帝新政——兼论山东士人的地域流动  

Dongfang Shuo’s Journey to the West China and the Emperor Wu’s New Policies

作　　者：孙闻博[1] SUN Wen 一 bo

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国学院、出土文献与中国古代文明研究协同创新中心

出　　处：《史林》2019年第3期44-54,219,共12页Historical Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“秦汉城乡关系的社会史考察”(14CZS009)成果之一

摘　　要：西汉武帝初年,东方朔曾从东方故齐之地,远赴长安上书。所言学习经历,乃是理想化的天子大臣特征;待诏公车后的相关言行,对他的家世背景实际多有揭示。这些均有助于理解东方朔的政治行为。东方朔西行并非孤立事件,而是"群士西游"的一个缩影。在武帝前期变革汉政背景下,背后呈现的是出身较低的"山东"贤士由地方而中央、"山东"而关中的地域流动。武帝用"山东"寒微之士,伸张皇权,压制西汉早期之"军功受益阶层",实现对相权及官僚组织之制约。而东方朔仕宦京师多年,却成就了避世金马的"朝隐"形象。这实际又为认识西汉中叶武帝用士的政治特征提供了线索。Dongfang Shuo in the early reign of the Emperor Wu went to Chang’an,where he submitted a written statement to the throne. He portrayed an ideal type of minister and shed light on his own family background. Dongfang’s trip embodied the well-educated people’s growing identification with the Former Han. It revealed the increased upward mobility,wherein the Emperor Wu hired many people of humble background rather than those from the hereditary houses. In doing so,the imperial power was strengthened.

关 键 词：东方朔 武帝新政 群士西游 地域流动 避世金马 武帝用士 

分 类 号：K234.1[历史地理—历史学]