“胡同”空间形态对住区开放的借鉴意义  

The Reference Significance of the Space Form of Hutong to the Opening of the Residential Area

作　　者：刘悄然 赵鸣[1] 徐放[1] Liu Qiaoran;Zhao Ming;Xu Fang

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院

出　　处：《国际城市规划》2019年第3期96-102,共7页Urban Planning International

摘　　要："胡同"可以被看作一种经历了两千多年的政府规划与自发改造共同形成的街区制住区,尽管存在诸多问题,但仍有其独特的生命力。胡同具有分级的网状、灵活多样的交通组织形式,并且具有与之相应的空间分级。这种空间形态具有系统的规划体系以及经验性的开放程度,对于实践国家倡导推广的住区开放政策有很大启发。本文着眼于解读住区开放与封闭,指出住区的"开放"不仅仅是拆除围墙,而是一种空间重组。文章分析了胡同如何通过建立道路系统和活动空间,来满足居民交通、交往等活动需求。最后提出借鉴胡同的空间形态并融合现代住区优势的住区开放策略。Hutong can be seen as a block area formed by government planning and spontaneous transformation during more than two thousand years. Although there are many problems, it still has unique vitality. Hutong has a hierarchical network of flexible and diversified forms of traffic organization, and has the corresponding hierarchical space. This space form has a systematic planning system and an empirical openness and has great inspiration for practicing the open policy of residential area advocated. This paper focuses on the interpretation of the opening and closing of the residential area, points out that the opening of the residential area is not only a dismantling of the wall, but a spatial reorganization. It analyzes how the Hutong can meet the needs of the residents* traffic and communication through the establishment of the road system and the space of activity. At last, it puts forward the strategy of integrating the Hutong spatial form and the modern residential area advantages.

关 键 词：胡同 住区开放 封闭型住区 空间形态 街区制 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]