不同剂量60Co-γ射线对谷稗种子萌发及幼苗生长特性的影响  

Effects of different doses of 60Co-γ ray on seed germination andseedling growth characteristics of Echinochloa crusgalli

作　　者：贾秀峰[1] 李波[2] 李红 邬婷婷 马赫[2] JIA Xiu-feng;LI Bo;LI Hong;WU Ting-ting;MA He(College of Education and Media,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar,Heilongjiang 161006,China;College of Agriculture,Forestry and Life Sciences,Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resistance GeneEngineering and Protection of Biodiversity in Cold Areas,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar,Heilongjiang 161006,China;Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar,Heilongjiang 161005,China)

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔大学教育与传媒学院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006 [2]齐齐哈尔大学生命科学与农林学院抗性基因工程与寒地生物多样性保护黑龙江省重点实验室,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006 [3]黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧兽医分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161005

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2019年第3期66-71,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发计划重大项目(GA15B105-5);黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目(135209267,YSTSXK201886)

摘　　要：以朝牧1号谷稗种子为试材,采用不同剂量(50、100、150、200、250、300、350、400、450 Gy)的^60Co-γ射线辐照其种子,测定种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数,芽苗的主根长、芽长、芽苗总长、鲜重、干重和相对含水量,种子的出苗率和幼苗成苗率,并对种子萌发期各指标进行相关性和主成分分析。结果表明,随着辐射剂量的增加,中高辐射剂量发芽率降低了3.34%~25.00%,发芽势增加了6.84%~41.09%,发芽指数增加了1.84~33.50%,活力指数降低了8.87%~62.86%,芽长降低了9.97%~56.78%,主根长降低了18.48~70.52%,芽苗总长降低了11.25~62.20%,鲜重(除150 Gy外)降低了0.32%~34.50%,干重降低了2.91%~11.58%,相对含水量增加了29.37%~ 57.54%,50~350 Gy处理出苗率增加了3.12%~ 18.75%,50~300 Gy处理成苗率降低了5.13%~94.87%。不同剂量^60Co-γ射线辐射后,发芽率、活力指数、芽长、主根长、芽苗总长、鲜重均与成苗率呈极显著正相关,以特征向量值大于0.30为标准,辐射影响谷稗种子萌发和幼苗生长主要指标分别为芽长、芽苗总长、主根长、成苗率、活力指数、发芽率、相对含水量和出苗率。Echinochloa crusgalli (zhaomu No.1) seed were used as experimental materials, and seeds were treated with different doses (50、100、150、200、250、300、350、400、450 Gy) of ^60Co-γ ray.The germination rate, germination potential, germination index, vigor index,main root length, bud length, total length of bud seedling, fresh weight, dry weight,relative water content of bud,seed germination rate and seedling survival rate were measured.The correlation and principal component analyses on various indicators during seed germination were conducted.The results showed that with the increase inradiation dosage,the germination rate with middle and high radiation doses decreased by 3.34%~25.00%, the germination potential increased by 6.84%~41.09%, the germination index increased by 1.84%~33.50%, the vigor index decreased by 8.87%~62.86%,the bud length decreased by 9.97%~56.78%, the main root length decreased by 18.48%~70.52%, the total length of bud seedling decreased by 11.25%~62.20%,the fresh weight (except 150 Gy) decreased by 0.32%~34.50%, the dry weight decreased by 2.91%~11.58%, the relative water content increased by 29.37%~57.54%, the 50~350 Gy seed germination rate increased by 3.12%~18.75%, and the seedling survival rate of 50~300 Gy decreased by 5.13%~94.87%.After different doses of ^60Co-γ radiation, germination rate, vigor index, bud length, main root length, total length of bud seedlings and fresh weight were significantly positively correlated with seedling survival rate.According to the eigenvector value of more than 0.30 as the standard, the main indicators of seed germination and seedling growth of Echinochloa crusgalli were bud length, total length of bud seedling, main root length, survival rate, vigor index, germination rate, relative water content and germination rate.

关 键 词：谷稗种子 ^60CO-Γ辐射 种子萌发 芽苗生长 相关性分析 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S515[农业科学—作物学] S124