宋代制科与士风——以仁宗朝为中心  

Relationship between Occasional Imperial Examination and Style of Scholars in the Song Dynasty:With Emperor Renzong’s Ruling Period as the Center

作　　者：夏令伟[1] XIA Ling-wei(Department of Chinese Language and Literature,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学中文系

出　　处：《四川师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第4期143-150,共8页Journal of Sichuan Normal University(Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：宋代制科与士风关系甚密,这以仁宗朝最为典型。制科自仁宗天圣七年复置后,较之前朝,科目增至十科,施行时间长达40余年,具有突出的包容性与连续性。当时士人或亲身应考,或谏言得失,以各自方式、立场处身其中,扩大了制科的影响力。而在实施过程中,出现了“有官者举贤良方正,无官者举茂材异等”的现象。其意义在于:贤良方正能直言极谏科赋予了士人直言犯谏的权利与精神,正与此期士人的议政风潮相互激荡;茂材异等科则深刻影响了当时的布衣群体,引发了布衣精神的新变。The relationship between the occasional imperial examination and the style of scholars was very close in the Song Dynasty,especially in Emperor Renzong’s ruling period.After being reset in the seventh year of Tiansheng in Emperor Renzong’s ruling period,the occasional imperial examination had displayed more prominent inclusiveness and continuity.The number of the subjects had increased to ten,while it lasted for more than 40 years.At that time,scholars used their respective ways and positions,either took exams in person,or commented on its gains and losses,to expand its influence.In the course of implementation,there has been a phenomenon that officials take the noble character subject examination and non-officials take the special talent subject examination.Its significance lies in the following aspects:on the one hand,the noble character subject endowed scholars with the power and spirit of speaking frankly which interacted with the political trend at this time.On the other hand,the special talent subject profoundly affected the group of the non-officials at that time and triggered a new change in their spirit.

关 键 词：制科 士风 宋仁宗朝 

分 类 号：K244[历史地理—历史学]