降水温度均一化指标修正及在西南地区的适用性  

Modification of homogeneity index of precipitation and temperature and its application in Southwest China

作　　者：庞晶 张荣[3] 徐迎春[1] 覃军 PANG Jing;ZHANG Rong;XU Yingchun;QIN Jun(Wuhan Meteorological Bureau,Wuhan 430000,China;China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China;Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省武汉市气象局,湖北武汉430000 [2]中国地质大学(武汉),湖北武汉430074 [3]武汉轻工大学,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《中低纬山地气象》2019年第3期56-61,共6页Mid-low Latitude Mountain Meteorology

摘　　要：该文在考虑气温和降水影响干旱的权重不同基础上,对前人提出的降水温度均一化指标(简称S)进行修正,定义为Sm。通过对比修正前后干旱指数在干旱频率、年干旱强度以及与其他干旱指数的相关性等方面,分析了修正后效果及其在西南地区的适用性。结果表明:Sm可以准确地描述旱季和雨季,优于S;修正前后的干旱指数在年干旱强度方面没有显著差异,但Sm减弱了S的部分不合理跳跃现象,且11a平滑得到的结果与统计事实较为一致;对比修正前后指数与相对湿润度指数(M)、综合气象干旱指数(CI)以及标准化降水指数(SPI)的相关性发现,Sm不仅矫正了S与M、CI的负相关,而且与M的相关性非常好,能较好地反映土壤的干湿状况,与各个时间尺度的SPI的相关性均超过了99%显著性检验;运用Sm定义的西南地区旱涝年具有统计学意义,且典型旱涝年的时空分布与事实一致。因此认为,Sm在西南地区有较好的适用性。Based on the different weight of influence of temperature and precipitation on drought in Southwest China,the homogeneity index of precipitation and temperature (here referred to as S) proposed by predecessors were modified.The new index is defined as S m.The modified index and its application in Southwest China were analyzed by drought frequency,annual drought intensity and other drought-related factors,respectively before or after modification.The results show that S m is more accurate to describe the dry and rainy seasons than S.There is no significant difference in annual drought intensity between the two indexes,but Sm attenuated the unreasonable jump phenomena,and the results of 11 years smoothing are consistent with the statistics.By comparing relative moisture index(M),comprehensive meteorological drought index(CI) and the standardized precipitation index(SPI) and the correlation between S and Sm,Sm not only corrects the negative correlation between S and M,but also has good correlation with M,reflecting the dry or wet conditions of the soil.In addition,Sm has a better correlation with SPI in different time scales,passing 99% of the significance test.The drought and flood years of Southwest China defined by Sm is very significant statistically.With the index of Sm,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristic in typical years are consistent with the reality.Sm is better applicable in Southwest China.

关 键 词：降水温度均一化指标 SM 西南地区 适用性 

分 类 号：P426.62[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P423