土传病原真菌及其生防细菌的分离鉴定  

Isolation and identification of soil-borne pathogenic fungi and biocontrol bacteria

作　　者：苏静 李双明 SU Jing;LI Shuang-ming(College of Plant Protection,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Pathology Department,940 Hospital,PLA Joint Logistics Support Force,Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学植物保护学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]解放军联勤保障部队第九四○医院病理科,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2019年第3期79-84,91,共7页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(NSFC 31460639);国家牧草产业技术体系项目(CARS-34)资助

摘　　要：采用平板稀释涂抹法从甘肃农业大学草坪实训基地土壤分离得到18株真菌分离物,按照菌落形态特征将其归类为5种真菌并编号为GSAF1、2、3、4和5,通过黑麦草离体组织和皿内幼苗接种土传真菌分离物,明确了3种土传病原真菌GSAF1,4和5,根据其形态特征将它们分别鉴定为链格孢属(Alternaria sp.)、立枯丝核菌(Rhizotonia solani)和镰孢属(Fusarium sp.)。共从土壤中分离得到12株细菌分离物,编号为ZSR20-ZSR32,采用皿内拮抗法筛选到3株拮抗细菌,分别为ZSR26,30和32菌株,其中菌株ZSR30的抑菌能力略高于菌株ZSR32,对3种土传病原真菌的抑菌率均高于30%,对立枯丝核菌的抑菌率达36.2%;ZSR32菌株对3种病原真菌也有一定的抑菌作用;ZSR26对3种土传病原真菌的拮抗抑菌作用较低,抑菌率均小于20%。结合形态学和16SrDNA分子鉴定方法,初步将ZSR26,30和32均鉴定为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus sp.)。18 strains of soil-borne fungi were isolated from the Turf Training Base of Gansu Agricultural University by plate dilution smearing method.According to the morphological characteristics of the colonies,they were classified into 5 fungal isolates and coded as GSAF1,2,3,4 and 5.In which,3 soil-borne pathogenic fungi (GSAF1,4 and 5) were identified by inoculating soil-borne fungi isolates with ryegrass isolated tissues and seedlings in dishes.According to their morphological characteristics,they were identified as Alternaria sp., Rhizotonia solani and Fusarium sp.respectively.12 strains of bacterial isolates were isolated from soil and coded as ZSR20 to ZSR32.3 strains of antagonistic bacteria were screened by in-dish antagonism method (ZSR26,30 and 32).The bacteriostatic ability of ZSR30 was slightly higher than that of ZSR32.The bacteriostatic rate of ZSR30 to 3 soil-borne pathogenic fungi was higher than 30%,and the bacteriostatic rate to Rhizoctonia solani was 36.2%.ZSR26 showed a low antagonistic and bacteriostatic effect on 3 soil-borne pathogenic fungi,and the bacteriostatic rate was less than 20%.ZSR26,30 and 32 were identified as Bacillus sp.by morphological and 16S rDNA molecular identification methods.This study preliminarily clarified the species of soil-borne pathogenic fungi and the relative biocontrol bacteria resources in the Turf Training Base of Gansu Agricultural University,which provided a reference for further development and utilization of biocontrol bacteria resource.

关 键 词：草坪实训基地 土传真菌 生防细菌 分离 鉴定 

分 类 号：S432.4[农业科学—植物病理学]