大面积连续分布是页岩层系油气的标志特征——以鄂尔多斯盆地为例  

Characteristics and “Sweet Area (Section)” Evaluation of Continuous Tight & Shale Oil and Gas in Ordos Basin, North-central China

作　　者：杨智[1] 邹才能[1] 付金华[2] 吴松涛[1] 林森虎[1] 潘松圻[1] 王岚 刘新社[2] 牛小兵[2] YANG Zhi;ZOU Cai-neng;FU Jin-hua;WU Song-tao;LIN Sen-hu;PAN Song-qi;WANG Lan;LIU Xin-she;NIU Xiao-bing(Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,PetroChina,Beijing 100083,China;Changqing Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Xi'an 710018,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [2]中国石油长庆油田分公司,陕西西安710018

出　　处：《地球科学与环境学报》2019年第4期459-474,共16页Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(“九七三”计划)项目(2014CB239000);国家科技重大专项项目(2016ZX05046)

摘　　要：非常规页岩层系油气资源大面积连续分布,是未来全球油气供应的重要接替领域。提出了页岩层系油气的地质内涵,即烃源层系生成、滞留或就近聚集在生烃层系内部或紧邻生烃层系的致密储集层中,利用新技术可实现工业开采的连续分布油气资源,包括源储一体型和源储紧邻型两种资源类型。鄂尔多斯盆地是致密油气、页岩油气等非常规页岩层系油气资源的有利发育区,中生界三叠系延长组、上古生界石炭系—二叠系源储接触面积大,页岩油气、致密油气主要在源内或近源大面积连续分布,具有“普遍含油气、储层致密、低压、低丰度”的典型地质特征,具有稳定平缓的构造面貌、较高成熟源岩广布式生排烃和大面积致密储层叠置分布的有利成藏地质背景,致密油气“甜点区(段)”主要受生烃中心和厚层砂岩分布共同控制,页岩油气“甜点区(段)”主要受富有机质页岩规模、热演化程度、天然裂缝等共同控制。随着页岩层系油气的深入勘探开发,以大面积连续分布为标志特征的页岩层系油气地质理论将深入发展,成为石油天然气地质学的下一次大飞跃。Continuous hydrocarbon accumulation over a large area is a distinguishing characteristic of unconventional shale stratum hydrocarbons, and has great petroleum resource potential. The geological connotation of shale stratum oil and gas is put forward, that is, continuous distribution of oil and gas resources is generated, detained or gathered close to the tight reservoirs within or adjacent to the hydrocarbon-generating stratum, and the industrial exploitation can be realized by using new technologies, including two resource types of source-reservoir integration and source-reservoir adjacency. Examples of unconventional hydrocarbon accumulations are Mesozoic Triassic shale oil province and Upper Paleozoic Carboniferous-Permian shale gas province in Ordos Basin. Tight oil and gas, and shale oil and gas in Ordos Basin are mainly distributed in source-kitchen or near-source reservoirs in large areas, which are typically characterized by hydrocarbon-bearing, tight reservoir, low formation pressure, and low resource abundance. Stable tectonic setting, widespread matured source rocks and large-scale superimposed tight reservoirs are favorable to hydrocarbon accumulation.“Sweet area (section)” of tight oil and gas is mainly controlled by the hydrocarbon-generation center and massive sandbodies.“Sweet area (section)” of shale oil and gas is mainly controlled by the organic-rich shale scale, thermal evolution and natural fractures. Research on such resources will be at the forefront of the future development of petroleum geology.

关 键 词：致密油气 页岩油气 甜点区 页岩层系 非常规油气地质学 连续型油气聚集 共生盆地 

分 类 号：P618.130.2[天文地球—矿床学]