医用回旋加速器回旋频率与磁场的调谐  

Tuning of cyclotron resonant frequency and magnetic field of medical cyclotron

作　　者：吴永存 杨兴林[1] 石金水[1] 赵良超[1] 何小中[1] Wu Yong-Cun;Yang Xing-Lin;Shi Jin-Shui;Zhao Liang-Chao;He Xiao-Zhong(Institute of Fluid Physics,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621900,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所

出　　处：《物理学报》2019年第12期82-88,共7页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：核能开发科研项目(批准号:科工二司2017-1341)资助的课题~~

摘　　要：高频谐振腔在回旋加速器实际运行过程中受束流负载、重力和热损耗引起的腔体变形等因素的影响,其谐振频率会发生一定的偏移,导致高频工作频率会随着谐振腔的谐振频率而变化.为满足等时性加速的要求,当高频工作频率发生改变时磁场强度也应进行相应的变化,即励磁电流的大小需要相应改变,使得粒子回旋频率与高频谐振频率相匹配以克服滑相.首先通过有限元仿真软件建立静磁场模型模拟不同励磁电流下回旋加速器的平均磁场,然后理论分析磁场与谐振频率的关系,最后得到励磁电流在小区间变化时与谐振频率的关系;根据计算的不同谐振频率对应的最佳励磁电流,完成励磁电流的自动跟频.在保证最大碳膜束流的情况下,实验得到不同谐振频率对应的最佳励磁电流,使理论得以验证.根据其关系实现了励磁电流自动调节,克服了滑相,保证了法拉第束流的稳定输出.该方法使得励磁电流能够快速、准确地寻找并跟踪谐振腔频率,克服了频率偏移导致的滑相,完成束流的稳定输出.The high-frequency resonant cavity is affected by factors such as beam load, gravity and heat loss caused by cavity deformation during the actual operation of the medical cyclotron. The resonant frequency will shift to a certain extent, resulting in the high-frequency operation frequency varying with the resonant frequency of the resonator cavity. In order to meet the requirements for isochronous acceleration, the magnetic field strength should also be changed correspondingly when the high-frequency operation frequency changes, that is, the magnitude of the magnet current needs changing accordingly, so that the particle cyclotron frequency matches the high-frequency resonant frequency to overcome the sliding phase. Firstly, the static magnetic field model is established by finite element simulation software to simulate the average magnetic field of cyclotron under different magnet currents. Then the relationship between the magnetic field and the resonant frequency is theoretically analyzed. Finally, the relationship between the magnet current and the resonant frequency is obtained when the magnet current varies in a small interval. According to the optimal magnet current corresponding to different resonance frequencies, the automatic frequency tracking of magnet current is completed. In the case of ensuring the maximum carbon film beam, the optimal magnet current corresponding to different resonance frequencies is obtained, which makes the theory validated. According to the relationship,the magnet current is automatically adjusted, which overcomes the slip phase and ensures the stable output of the Faraday beam. The method enables the magnet current to be quickly and accurately find and track the cavity frequency, overcomes the slip phase caused by the frequency offset, and completes the stable output of the beam.

关 键 词：高频谐振腔 谐振频率 频率跟踪 稳定出束 

分 类 号：TL542[核科学技术—核技术及应用]