水性聚氨酯基粒径均一纳米复合乳液的制备及疏水性测试  

Preparation and hydrophobicity of the nanocomposite emulsion with uniform-sized waterborne polyurethane base

作　　者：杜娟 顾洪溪 刘恒超 吕福林 DU Juan;GU Hong-xi;LIU Heng-chao;LV Fu-lin(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, Shaanxi, China)

机构地区：[1]宝鸡文理学院化学化工学院

出　　处：《宝鸡文理学院学报（自然科学版）》2019年第2期35-41,共7页Journal of Baoji University of Arts and Sciences(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51705004);宝鸡市科技局项目(16RKX1-18);宝鸡文理学院院级项目(209010821)

摘　　要：目的 制备水性聚氨酯基粒径均一纳米复合乳液(WPU/PBMS),并通过扫描电镜(SEM)分析及接触角测试研究其疏水性能。方法 以传统的水性聚氨酯(WPU)乳液为基础,采用混合合成技术制备出一系列WPU/PBMS乳液,利用多种表征技术研究探讨单体对复合乳液结构和性能的影响,并将其整理到棉织物表面,研究整理后的纯棉织物的疏水性能。结果 TEM分析表明单体丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)及苯乙烯(ST)配比为10∶14∶14时,具有核壳结构,且粒径均一,约40~50nm;乳液涂膜FTIR,SEM及XRD分析表明涂膜呈现明显的微观相分离且形成的核壳结构使涂膜结晶度下降;此外,TG分析表明形成的核壳结构增加了涂膜的耐热性。SEM和静态水接触角测试结果表明:经整理后的棉织物表面覆盖了聚合物薄膜,且静态水接触角可达114.1°,具有良好的疏水性。结论 采用混合合成法制备的WPU/PBMS乳液具有明显的核壳结构,且粒径均一,并且疏水性能较好,可用于棉织物防水涂层。Purposes-To synthesize the nanocomposite emulsion with uniform-sized waterborne polyurethane base (WPU/PBMS), and to study its hydrophobicity with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and contact angle meter. Methods-A hybrid synthesis technology was introduced to the preparation of WPU/PBMS emulsion with traditional WPU emulsion. The effect of monomers on the chemical structure and performance of the WPU/PBMS was investigated by means of TEM, FTIR, XRD and SEM, and then the monomers were finished to the surface of cotton fabric to study the hydrophobicity of the pure cotton fabrics. Result-TEM results indicate that the emulsion has uniform-sized core-shell structure, about 40~50 nm at the monomer ratio, BA∶MMA∶ST=10∶14∶14. FTIR, the SEM of composite emulsion film and XRD reveal that the film shows a distinct micro-phase separation and the core-shell structure decreased the crystallinity of the film. The thermal weight analysis (TG) results indicate that the core-shell structure increased the heat resistance of the film. The treated cotton fabrics were characterized with SEM and static water contact angle meter. The results indicate that surface of the treated cotton fabrics is covered with polymer film, and the static water contact angle can reach 114.1°, showing good hydrophobicity. Conclusion-The WPU/PBMS emulsion, which is synthesized with hybrid synthesis method, has uniform-sized core-shell structure, about 40~50 nm, and the WPU/PBMS emulsion has good hydrophobicity, so the WPU/PBMS emulsion can be used for waterproof coating of cotton fabric.

关 键 词：水性聚氨酯 纳米复合乳液 核壳结构 织物 疏水性 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]