复合冲击钻井工具结构设计与运动特性分析  

Structural Design and Motion Behavior Analysis of Composite Percussion Drilling Tool

作　　者：汪伟 柳贡慧[1,2] 李军[1] 查春青[2] 黄涛 Wang Wei;Liu Gonghui;Li Jun;Zha Chunqing;Huang Tao(College of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum(Beijing;Beijing University of Technology)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)石油工程学院 [2]北京工业大学

出　　处：《石油机械》2019年第7期24-29,共6页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家科技重大专项“复合冲击破岩技术研究及工具研制”(2016ZX05021-003);国家自然科学基金青年项目“复合冲击钻井技术的破岩机理及优化设计方法研究”(51804013)

摘　　要：深部复杂硬地层岩石强度高、可钻性差、抗破碎能力强,易引起PDC钻头黏滑振动及过早磨损。鉴于此,设计了一种复合冲击钻井工具。分析了该工具的轴向冲锤和周向摆锤的受力特征,建立了冲锤和摆锤的运动数学模型,研究了工具的运动特性,并通过室内试验测试其冲击性能。研究结果表明:复合冲击钻井工具的冲锤和摆锤的运动过程分为三个阶段,且在不同阶段运动均呈非线性;工具的冲击功和冲击频率均随排量增加而增大,冲击功计算值要比试验值高出25%,频率计算值比试验值高19%;轴向冲击频率高于周向冲击频率,工具结构参数满足设计要求。研究结果可为复合冲击钻井工具结构的合理设计及现场应用提供借鉴。The high strength,poor drillability and strong breaking-resistance of deep complex hard formation rocks often result in stick-slip vibration and premature wear of the PDC bit.To address the problem,a composite percussion drilling tool is designed.Based on the designed tool structure,the mechanical characteristics of the axial hammer and the circumferential pendulum device are analyzed.The motion models of the hammer and the pendulum device are established to study the motion behavior of the tool.The impact performance of the tool is then tested by experimental study.The results show that the motions of the hammer and pendulum device of the composite percussion drilling tool are nonlinear and could be divided into three stages.The impact energy and impact frequency of the tool increases with the flow rate.The calculated impact energy and impact frequency is 25%and 19%higher than the test values respectively.The axial impact frequency is higher than the circumferential impact frequency.The tool structure parameters meet the design requirements.The research results can provide reference for the design and field application of composite percussion drilling tools.

关 键 词：硬地层 PDC钻头 复合冲击钻井 结构设计 运动特性 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]