花生株型与高产  

High Yield and Plant Type of Peanut

作　　者：彭振英[1] 单雷[1] 张智猛[2] 李新国[1,4] 万书波 PENG Zhen-ying;SHAN Lei;ZHANG Zhi-meng;LI Xin-guo;WAN Shu-bo(Bio-Tech Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Provincial Key Lab. of Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology of Crops, Jinan 250100, China;Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao 266100, China;Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China;Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Crop Cultivation in East China, Ministry of Agriculture and Village, Jinan 250100, China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心/山东省作物遗传改良与生态生理重点实验室,山东济南250100 [2]山东省花生研究所,山东青岛266100 [3]山东省农业科学院,山东济南250100 [4]农业农村部华东地区作物栽培科学观测实验站,山东济南250100

出　　处：《花生学报》2019年第2期69-72,共4页Journal of Peanut Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD1000906);国家花生产业技术体系(CARS-13);国家自然科学基金(3187101637);2018院科技创新工程-花生优质高效栽培关键技术(CXGC2018B05)

摘　　要：花生(Arachis hypogaea L.)是我国重要的油料作物,在我国食用油供给中具有重要作用,因此提高花生产量对于推动我国花生产业发展至关重要。自上世纪六十年代以来,我国花生主推品种以直立型为主,该株型结果集中,可以密植,能够满足当时小农经济手工劳作的需求。但是相比于蔓生型和半蔓生型花生来说,直立型花生用种量大、投入高、产量偏低,已经越来越不能满足现代化生产的要求。美国花生品种以蔓生型为主,花生单产高于我国,但是在我国发展蔓生型花生不切合我国耕地紧缺的实际情况,因此培育半蔓生型高产花生新品种是当务之急。本文分析了直立型花生对产量的限制性,论证了半蔓生型高产花生的优势,以期为我国花生高产育种提供一定的理论支持。Peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oil crop and plays an important role in the supply of edible oil in China. Since the 1960s, the main peanut varieties in China are erect peanut. The pods of erect peanut are around the main roots, and can be close planting. The erect peanut can meet needs of small-scale peasant economy at that time for manual labor. However, compared with trailing and semi-trailing peanut, the production of erect peanut is lower and can not meet the requirements of modern production. The main peanut varieties in America are trailing peanut which has a higher yield than China peanut. However, the trailing peanut does not meet the actual situation of the shortage of arable land in China. So it is an urgent thing to cultivate new semi-trailing and high-yield peanut varieties. So here we analyzed the restriction of erect characteristics on peanut yield, and demonstrated the advantage of semi-trailing peanut. We hope to provide some theoretical support for high yield breeding of peanut in China.

关 键 词：花生 株型 直立型 半蔓生型 蔓生型 高产 

分 类 号：S565.203.3[农业科学—作物学]