火电厂大气排放监测大数据分析及政策影响研究  

Analysis of atmospheric emission monitoring big data of thermal power plants and study on the policy impact

作　　者：马北玲 吕欣 陈星 陈晓红 MA Bei-ling;LV Xin;CHEN Xing;CHEN Xiao-hong(Tourism Management School, Hunan University of Technology and Business/Institute of Big Data and Internet Innovation,Changsha Hunan 410205, China;Business School, Central South University/Collaborative InnovationCenter of Resource-conserving and Environment-friendly Society and Ecological Civilization, Changsha Hunan 410083, China;College of Systems Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha Hunan 410073, China;Ecology and Environment Department of Hunan, Changsha Hunan 410014, China)

机构地区：[1]湖南工商大学旅游管理学院/大数据与互联网创新研究院,湖南长沙410205 [2]中南大学商学院/两型社会与生态文明协同创新中心,湖南长沙410083 [3]国防科技大学系统工程学院,湖南长沙410073 [4]湖南省生态环境厅,湖南长沙410014

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2019年第7期73-79,共7页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大研究计划集成项目“大数据驱动的公共管理决策创新模式与集成示范平台”(批准号:91846301);国家自然科学基金重点项目“面向环境管理的嵌入式服务决策理论与平台”(批准号:71431006);国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金项目“大数据挖掘与应急管理”(批准号:71522014);湖南省社科基金项目“雾霾背景下电力企业节能减排技术采用及其效率研究”(批准号:15YBB052);湖南省科技计划项目(批准号:2017RS3040,2018JJ1034,2016JJ6048);湖南省社科联智库课题(批准号:CXKT2016004);2017年湖南商学院青年创新驱动计划项目(批准号:17QD0010)

摘　　要：火电行业作为我国能源消耗和大气环境污染物排放的重点行业,既是承担国家减排目标责任的主力军,也是体现减排成效的突破口。为进一步研究和分析国家大气污染防治的政策效果,特别是分析促进火电企业减排的主要因素,本文以2006—2015年湖南省300MW及以上大型火电企业燃煤机组发电过程中烟气排放的SO2、NOx等连续监测大数据为基础,对主要污染物年、月、日、区域的变化及差异进行挖掘,并对各排放特征的形成原因和影响因素进行分析。研究结果总体上反映了大气污染治理政策体系的整体演进特征和规制效果,以及火电厂对中央政策的响应速度和程度。具体而言,除了政策的影响之外,月度变化特征跟区域的能源结构、气候环境紧密相关;日变化特征跟企业的社会责任意识差异及选择的环保设施运行工况有关。根据在线排放特征影响因素分析,提出了火电厂大气排放监测大数据绿色调度智能化和环境信用评价应用的建议。研究结果说明,基于监测数据的政策影响研究对以计量经济学模型为主的政策效果评估方法是一个补充。此外,对于政府提高污染治理的精细化管理水平,进一步完善大气污染治理政策也有重要意义。The thermal power industry is a major contributor to China’s energy consumption and emission of atmospheric environmental pollutants. It is not only the main force shouldering the national objective of emission reduction,but also the breakthrough point of the emission reduction effect. As a further study and analysis on the effects of national atmospheric pollution prevention and control policies,especially the factors that promote the emission reduction of thermal power enterprises,based on the continuous monitoring of SO2 and NOx emissions from coal-fired units in the power generation process of large thermal power enterprises of 300 MW and above in Hunan Province from 2006 to 2015,this paper conducts an in-depth analysis of the annual,monthly,daily and regional changes and differences of major pollutants as well as the formation causes and influencing factors of each emission characteristic,which generally reflects the overall evolution characteristics and regulatory effects of the air pollution control policy system as well as the speed and extent of thermal power plants’ response to central policies. Specifically,in addition to the impact of policies,the characteristics of monthly changes are closely related to the regional energy structure and climate environment;the characteristics of daily changes are related to the differences in corporate social responsibility awareness and the operating conditions of environmental protection facilities selected by the enterprises. Based on the above analysis on the factors that affect the online emission characteristics,suggestions for the application of intelligent green dispatching of atmospheric emission monitoring big data and environmental credit evaluation of thermal power plants are proposed. The research results indicate that the policy impact research based on monitoring data is a great supplement to the policy effect evaluation method with a focus on the econometric model. In addition,it is of great significance for the government to improve the level of

关 键 词：火电厂 环境大数据 数据特征 大气污染治理政策 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]