人工耳蜗植入儿童心理健康调查问卷结果分析  

The Preliminary Research on Mental Health with Cochlear Implanted Children

作　　者：张静平[1] 王巍[1] 梁瑞敏[1] 陈晨[1] 孙桂兰 王悦[1] 陈鱼[1] Zhang Jingping;Wang Wei;Liang Ruimin;Chen Chen;Sun Guilan;Wang Yue;Chen Yu(Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,the First Center Hospital,Tianjin,300192,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市第一中心医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

出　　处：《听力学及言语疾病杂志》2019年第4期410-413,共4页Journal of Audiology and Speech Pathology

基　　金：天津市科学技术委员会基金项目(15JCYBJC27500)

摘　　要：目的 评估人工耳蜗植入儿童的心理健康状况,为制定全面、个性化康复方案提供参考。方法 将63例人工耳蜗植入儿童(64~68月龄33例, 68.1 ~ 72 月龄30例)按不同植入年龄分为<12月龄组12例,12~24月龄组21例,>24月龄组30例;按CI使用时间分为<7个月9例,7~12个月15例,>12个月39例。使用5~6岁幼儿心理健康调查问卷对这63例人工耳蜗植入儿童的动作发展、认知能力、情感与意志、生活习惯、社会性、语言6个方面进行评分,将各领域平均得分与同龄听力正常儿童的合格标准值进行比较,分析人工耳蜗植入年龄和使用时间对得分的影响。结果 63例人工耳蜗植入儿童在动作发展、认知能力、情感与意志、生活习惯、社会性、语言6个方面的平均得分分别为 3.95±1.53 、 10.00±2.55 、 1.48±0.68 、 6.14±1.42 、 7.81±2.04 、 10.52±3.47 分;随着月龄增加患儿各领域得分逐渐提高,但与同龄听力正常儿童相比较各项的得分及合格率均较低;在认知能力方面不同月龄组患儿的得分差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。不同人工耳蜗使用时间组患儿认知能力、语言方面的得分差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05),人工耳蜗使用时间越长,这两方面的得分越高;不同人工耳蜗植入年龄组患儿认知能力、社会性和语言三方面的得分差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05),CI植入年龄越小,得分越高。结论 人工耳蜗植入儿童在动作发展、认知能力、情感与意志、生活习惯、社会性、语言6个方面的发展水平均落后于同龄听力正常儿童,人工耳蜗植入年龄和使用时间是影响其认知能力、语言等发展的重要因素。应根据CI儿童的心理状况制订客观的康复计划。Objective To evaluate the mental health of children with cochlear implants and provide theoretical basis for making comprehensive and individualized rehabilitation programs.Methods Sixty-three children with cochlear implants were assessed using psychological questionnaire from 5 to 6 years old in six aspects which conclude motor skill,cognitive ability,emotion and will,living habits,sociality and speech ability.The average scores were compared with the qualified standard values of the same age children with normal hearing in different aspects to investigate whether the age and duration of cochlear implant were the factors influencing the scores of cochlear implants.Results The scores of children with cochlear implants were 3.95±1.53 ,10.00±2.55 ,1.48±0.68 ,6.14±1.42 ,7.81±2.04 ,and 10.52±3.47 in motor skill,cognitive ability,emotion and will,living habits,sociality and speech ability,respectively.With the increase of the age,the scores of the children were gradually improved in all areas,and the pass rate was lower than children with the normal hearing.The difference in scores between the two groups in cognitive ability,sociality and speech was statistically significant(P<0.05).The duration of cochlear implant was the main factor affecting cognitive ability,sociality and speech (P<0.05),and the age effect of cochlear implantation on cognitive ability and language scores was statistically significant (P<0.05).The score of skill,emotion and will,and living habits were not affected by the age of cochlear implant and the duration of use (P<0.05).Conclusion The development levels of children with cochlear implants in six aspects of motor skill,cognitive ability,emotion and will,living habits,sociality and speech fall behind the children with normal hearing.The age and duration of cochlear implantation are important factors affecting the developments of the cognitive ability and language.

关 键 词：人工耳蜗 儿童 心理 认知 

分 类 号：R764.5[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]