播种密度对杂交魔芋种芋产量及病害的影响  

Effects of Different Planting Densities on Yield and Disease of Hybrid Konjac

作　　者：杨凉花 Yang Lianghua(Ankang Konjac Industry Institute,Shaanxi Province,Ankang 725021,Shaanxi;Ankang Agricultural Science Institute,Shaanxi Province,Anakng 725000,Shaanxi)

机构地区：[1]陕西省安康市魔芋产业研究院 [2]陕西省安康市农业科学研究所

出　　处：《长江大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第7期62-64,M0004,共4页Journal of Yangtze University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：陕西省农业协同创新联盟与推广联盟科技项目(LM20160010)

摘　　要：为筛选出适合杂交魔芋(Amorphophallus konjac)种芋的播种密度,以自育的杂交魔芋品种的芋鞭作为试验材料,采用相同行距不同株距的方式进行播种,探讨了不同播种密度对产量及病害的影响,结果表明,不同播种密度之间的种芋出苗率、株高无显著性差异,而柄茎、叶幅、小叶数及小叶和小叶脉干重随密度不同均存在显著性差异,播种密度越大各项参数值也越大;不同播种密度之间土壤中氮磷钾及有机质含量均存在显著性差异,播种密度越大各项参数值也逐步增大;不同播种密度之间的种芋芋鞭产量、球茎产量、单产量、产投比及病害发生率等均存在显著性差异,其中密度1(行距25cm,株距10cm)单产量最高,密度5(行距25cm,株距30cm)相对发病率最高,而按产投比计算,密度2(行距25cm,株距15cm)最经济划算。综合评价各播种密度下魔芋种芋的长势、产量、发病率及产投比等,认为最适合杂交魔芋品种种芋播种密度的株行距为:行距25cm时,株距10~20cm。To select suitable planting densities of hybrid konjac(Amorphophalluskonjac) and improve yield,the whiplash of self-bred hybrid konjac varieties is used as the experimental material, and the seeds are sown with the same row spacing and different plant spacings,the effects of different planting densities on yield and disease are studied.The results show that there is no significant difference in rate of seedling and plant height between different planting densities;but the handle of diameter, width of leafves, number of leaves and dry weight of leaflet and veinlet are significant difference among planting densities, and the higher the density is, the greater the value is;under different planting densities, there is significant difference among the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matter in soil, and the higher the density is, the greater the value is;there is significant difference among the output of whiplash,yield of bulb,theory yield of unit area, ratio of inputs to outputs and the rate of disease under different planting densities;among them, yield of density 1(row spacing 25 cm,plant spacing 10 cm) is the highest per unit, relative incidence of disease of density 5(row spacing 25 cm,plant spacing 30 cm) is the highest, and density 2(row spacing 25 cm,plant spacing 15 cm) is the most cost-effective according to the ratio of production and investment.Under the comprehensive evaluation about growth, yield, rate of disease and ratio of inputs to outputs, it is concluded that the most suitable density for konjac seed is that when the row spacing is 25 cm, the optimal plant spacing is 10~20 cm.

关 键 词：杂交魔芋(Amorphophallus konjac) 播种密度 单产量 病害发生率 

分 类 号：S632.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]