基于PSR模型的城市生态安全评价与贡献度研究——以铜川市为例  

Urban ecological security evaluation and contribution analysis by PSR model——a case study of Tongchuan City,Shaanxi

作　　者：张崇淼[1] 李森[1] 张力喆 牛小勇 殷崎栋 ZHANG Chong-miao;LI Sen;ZHANG Li-zhe;NIU Xiao-yong;YIN Qi-dong(Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering,Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource,Environment and Ecology,Ministry of Education,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China;Shaanxi Ecological and Environmental Planning and Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710065,China;Tongchuan Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau,Tongchuan 727031,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学,陕西省环境工程重点实验室,西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室,西安710055 [2]陕西生态环境规划设计院有限公司,西安710055 [3]铜川市环境保护局,陕西铜川727031

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2019年第3期1049-1056,共8页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51578441)

摘　　要：以铜川市为例进行城市生态安全评价和指标分析,采用压力-状态-响应模型和层次分析法构建出含有项目、因素、指标的铜川市生态安全评价体系。通过生态不安全指数定量表示城市的生态安全状况,对铜川市2014-2016年的生态安全状况进行了综合评价,并计算分析了各指标对城市总体生态不安全指数的贡献度。结果表明,铜川市的生态安全处于“临界安全”状态,并呈现逐渐向好的发展趋势。人均灌溉农田面积、地表水环境质量、环境空气质量和环保投资占GDP比例对铜川市生态不安全指数贡献度较大,应给予重视。The paper intends to provide a scientific basis for the transition and sustainable development of the resource-based cities in China western area by taking Tongchuan as a case study sample. And,for the said purpose,we have conducted an ecological security evaluation over the city and analyzed the industrial and economic indicators of the city in the given paper,based on the characteristic analysis and the demands of its urban area development,in reference to the currently existing evaluation indicators of the urban ecological security via the pressure-state-response model. The city’s urban ecological security evaluation system can be made up of 3 projects,8 factors and 29 indicators. With the population explosion and urbanization acceleration,more and more attention of the city has been paid to the urban ecological security improvement,which has now become an important issue to its economic and urban transition. What is more,the urban ecological security indicators have also been involved in and determined by the analytic hierarchical process,as well as the relative importance matrices of all the evaluation indicators. Hence,it comes just from the said ecological insecurity indexes that the paper has made a quantitative analysis of the current state of the ecological security of the city with its ecological security level from 2014 to 2016 through careful calculation and analysis of each indicator to the ecological insecurity of the city. The results demonstrate that the ecological insecurity indexes of the city have been reduced from 0. 310 in 2014 to 0. 303 in 2016,which suggests that the ecological security of the city has come to a "critical security" status-in-situ. It implies that the positive development tendency has mainly contributed to the improvement of the human environment in the recent years. For example,the top 4 contributive indicators,i. e. per capita area of the irrigated farmland,the surface water environment quality,the environmental air quality and the ratio of the environmental investment

关 键 词：环境学 城市生态安全评价 压力-状态-响应模型 生态不安全指数 贡献度 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]