21世纪中国的城市化特点及其生态环境挑战  

China’s Urbanization and Its Ecological Environment Challenges in the 21st Century

作　　者：邱国玉[1] 张晓楠[1,2] Qiu Guoyu;Zhang Xiaonan(School of Environment and Energy, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China;Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境与能源学院,广东深圳518055 [2]环境保护部环境规划院,北京100012

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2019年第6期640-649,共10页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：中国科学院学部学科发展战略研究项目“中国生态水文学学科发展战略”(编号:2017DXA);深圳市基础研究项目“飞行智能环境监测机器人研究”(编号:JCYJ20180504165440088)资助

摘　　要：城市化是世界范围的历史进程。中国的城市化虽然起步较晚,但是由于速度快、规模大、资源能源消耗高,从而带来一系列水环境和热环境问题。系统梳理了在全球气候变化和城市化的双重压力下,中国城市面临的水资源短缺与水污染、日益严重的城市热岛和生态水文灾害等生态环境挑战,提出要以城市生态水文学的理论和手段,解决城市生态环境问题,提升中国的城市化质量,实现宜居城市。Urbanization is a worldwide historical process. Although China's urbanization started late, it is fast, large in scale, high in resource and energy consumption, and leads to a series of water and thermal environment problems. This paper systematically sorted out the ecological environment challenges faced by Chinese cities under the dual pressures of global climate change and urbanization, such as water shortages and water pollution, increasingly serious urban heat island issues and ecological hydrological disasters. It proposed to solve the problem of urban ecological environment with the theory and means of urban ecohydrology, improve the quality of urbanization in China, and realize livable cities.

关 键 词：城市生态 城市热岛 城市生态水文 宜居城市 

分 类 号：P96[天文地球—自然地理学]