离子型稀土矿化学溶浸影响因素及其调控  

Influencing Factors and Control of Chemical Leaching of Ion-type Rare Earth Ore

作　　者：周贺鹏[1,2] 胡洁 张永兵[1] 罗仙平[1,2] Zhou Hepeng;Hu Jie;Zhang Yongbing;Luo Xianping(Faculty of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou,Jiangxi,China;Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining Engineering,Ganzhou,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学资源与环境工程学院,江西赣州341000 [2]江西省矿业工程重点试验室,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《矿产综合利用》2019年第3期146-151,140,共7页Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51404112);江西省自然科学基金资助项目(20151BAB216013)

摘　　要：离子型稀土矿性质复杂,稀土元素赋存状态特殊,特有的黏土矿物性质不利于稀土的化学溶浸,综合回收困难。为揭示离子型稀土矿化学溶浸影响机制,探寻溶浸过程优化调控措施,本文以江西龙南离子型稀土矿为研究对象,釆用室内溶浸法模拟原地溶浸工艺过程,开展化学溶浸体系各因素的影响机制及其优化调控研究。结果表明浸出剂浓度越高、流速越快,稀土的浸出率越高,而原矿含水率过大、矿层高度过高均会影响稀土的浸出效率,进而降低稀土离子的浸出率和浸出母液浓度;釆用正交试验法计算分析各因素的影响效应可得出各因素的交互影响关系,形成的较佳试验条件与单因素试验结果一致,当调控浸出剂浓度为4%、浸出剂用量180mL、矿层高度211mm,以及浸取剂流速为2mL/min、顶水用量为20mL、原矿含水率5%左右,可获得浸出率和稀土浓度均较高的浸出母液(浸出率97.87%、稀土浓度2.52g/L)。通过调控稀土化学溶浸主因素,优化溶浸过程次因数的条件控制,可实现了离子型稀土矿的绿色高效提取,也丰富了稀土化学溶浸基础理论。Because of the complex nature of ion-type rare earth ore,special existing state of rare earth element,the unique properties of clay minerals are not conducive to the chemical leaching of rare earth.It is difficult to recover comprehensively.In order to reveal the chemical leaching mechanism of ion-type rare ore,explore the leaching process optimization measures.This paper takes Jiangxi Longnan ion-type rare earth ore as the research object,using indoor leaching method to simulate the in-situ leaching process,carrying out chemical leaching mechanism and influence factors of the system and its optimization.The results show that the leaching agent concentration is higher,flow rate is faster,the rare earth leaching rate is high.Water content is too large,seam height is too high will affect the ore leaching efficiency,reducing rate of rare earth ions and leaching liquor concentration.Orthogonal test method was used to calculate and analyze the influence of each factor,and the interaction between the factors could be obtained.When the regulation of leaching agent concentration was 4%,leaching agent dosage is 180 mL,seams height is211 mm,and the leaching agent flow rate is 2 mL/min,top water dosage is 20 mL,the moisture content is about 5%,higher leaching rate and average concentrations can be obtained(leaching rate is 97.87%,average concentration of rare earth is 2.52 g/L).By controlling the main factors of chemical leaching and optimizing the conditions of the secondary factors in the leaching process,the extraction of the ion-type rare earth ores can be realized efficiently and effectively.

关 键 词：离子型稀土矿 化学溶浸 正交试验 优化调控 

分 类 号：TD97[矿业工程—选矿]