基于SSR标记的高原粳稻品种遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Japonica Rice Varieties in Plateau Based on SSR Markers

作　　者：陈于敏[1] 世荣[1] 刘吉新[1] 陈远伟[2] 陈玲[2] 张其钢 郑晔 刘慰华[1] 赵国珍[1] Chen Yumin;Shi Rong;Liu Jixin;Chen Yuanwei;Chen Ling;Zhang Qigang;Zheng Ye;Liu Weihua;Zhao Guozhen(Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Science, Kunming, 650205;Seed Management Station of Songming County, Songming, 651700;Seed Company ofLuliang County, Luliang, 655600;Seed Management Station of Lincang, Lincang, 677000)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,昆明650205 [2]嵩明县种子管理站,嵩明651700 [3]陆良县种子公司,陆良655600 [4]临沧市种子管理站,临沧677000

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2019年第12期4102-4111,共10页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0100205);国家高技术研究发展计划项目(863计划)(2014AA10-A603);云南省科技计划项目(2015ZA003)共同资助

摘　　要：利用中国农业行业标准(NY/T 1433-2014)推荐的48对SSR引物,对81个高原常规粳稻推广品种进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明:37对SSR引物在81个品种间具有多态性,共检测到139个等位基因(分子量变异范围为89~288 bp),每对引物检测到的等位基因数(Na)为2~10个,平均3.76个。Nei基因多样性指数(He)为0.025~0.769,平均为0.438。SSR多态信息量(PIC)分布范围为0.024~0.727,平均为0.416。遗传相似系数变幅为0.42~1.0,平均为0.65。2007-2016年育成的品种遗传多样性低于2007年前育成的品种,两个时期育成的品种有15个SSR位点的等位基因存在差异。聚类分析表明,遗传相似系数为0.62时,81个品种划分为4个类群,其中第Ⅰ类、第Ⅱ类和第Ⅲ类分别包括4个、5个和12个品种,第Ⅳ类包括60个品种,占供试品种数的74.1%。表明大多数品种间遗传距离近,遗传基础较窄。在今后的水稻育种中,应加强有利基因发掘、引进和创新利用,以拓宽高原粳稻的遗传基础。The genetic diversity analysis of 81 plateau conventional japonica rice varieties was carried out using48 pairs of SSR primers recommended by Chinese agricultural industry standard(NY/T 1433-2014). The results showed that 37 pairs of SSR primers were polymorphic among 81 varieties, and 139 alleles(molecular weight variation ranged from 89 to 288 bp) were detected. The number of alleles(Na) detected by each pair of primers was 2 to10, with an average of 3.76. The Nei’s gene diversity index(He) was 0.025 to 0.769, with an average of 0.438. The SSR polymorphic information(PIC) distribution ranged from 0.024 to 0.727, with an average of 0.416. The genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.42 to 1.0, with an average of 0.65. The genetic diversity of the varieties bred from 2007 to 2016 was lower than those bred before 2007, and 15 alleles of SSR loci were different between the two periods. The cluster analysis indicated that when the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.62, 81 varieties were divided into 4 groups, of which groupsⅠ, groups Ⅱand groups Ⅲ included 4, 5 and 12 varieties, respectively. While the group Ⅳ included 60 cultivars, which accounted for 74.1% of the tested cultivars, indicating that the genetic distance between most varieties was close and the genetic basis was narrow. In the future rice breeding, beneficial gene discovery, introduction and innovative utilization should be strengthened to broaden the genetic basis of plateau japonica rice in Yunnan Province.

关 键 词：SSR标记 高原粳稻 推广品种 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S511.22[农业科学—作物学]