重庆丘陵山地耐密宜机玉米品种筛选  

Screening of Maize Varieties Suitable for Density & Mechanization Production in Hilly Area of Chongqing

作　　者：周茂林[1] 冯定明 田红琳[1] 张丕辉[1] 苟茂海[1] 蒋志成[1] 刘水泉 Zhou Maolin;Feng Dingming;Tian Honglin;Zhang Pihui;Gou Maohai;Jiang Zhicheng;Liu Shuiquan(Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, 401329;Agricultural Committee of Tujia Autonomous County of Youyang,Chongqing,409800)

机构地区：[1]重庆市农业科学院,重庆401329 [2]酉阳土家族自治县农业委员会,重庆409800

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2019年第12期4135-4143,共9页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家粮食丰产增效科技创新重点专项(子课题编号:2016YFD030030703);国家行业科技项目(子课题编号:20150312707);粮食丰产增效科技创新重点专项(2017YFD0301704);国家玉米产业技术体系(CARS-02-78)共同资助

摘　　要：针对重庆地区玉米生产劳动强度大,生产效益低,亟需玉米的全程机械化生产,本研究选用市面上常用的18个玉米品种,在密植情况下,以人工实种、实收为对照,通过宜机性状调查(重播率,漏播率,灌浆速度,脱水速度,籽粒含水量,倒伏率,抗性,穗位整齐度,苞叶情况等),筛选适宜重庆丘陵山地耐密机械化生产品种。结果表明抗倒性与机收产量呈正相关,籽粒灌浆停止增长在吐丝后35~42 d之间,籽粒灌浆高峰期在前35 d左右,品种鲜重停止增长越早,籽粒脱水时间越早、成熟籽粒含水量越低。按照抗病性强、抗倒好、籽粒灌浆脱水快、含水量低、实收产量与机收产量均高的综合指标来看,渝单30、中单808、渝单8号可作为目前重庆丘陵春玉米宜机品种推荐。In view of the large labor intensity and low production efficiency of maize production in Chongqing, it is urgent to complete the mechanized production of corn. Contrast with artificial plant and real harvest under dense planting conditions, 18 maize varieties commonly used on the market were selected. The suitable mechanical properties of Chongqing hilly and mountainous areas were selected through the investigation of suitable characters(replanting rate, leakage rate, grain filling rate, dehydration speed, grain water content, lodging rate, resistance, tidy degree of ear position, bract leaf condition, etc.). The results showed that there was a positive correlation between the lodging resistance and the harvest yield, and the grain filling peak was at the first 35 days in the first 35~42 days after the silk spinning. The earlier the fresh weight of the varieties stopped, the earlier the grain dehydration time and the lower the water content of the mature grain. According to the comprehensive index of strong disease resistance, good lodging resistance, fast grain filling and dehydration, low water content, and high actual yield and machine output, Yudan 30, Zhongdan 808 and Yudan No. 8 could be recommended as the suitable vari eties of spring maize for machine production in Chongqing.

关 键 词：重庆丘陵山地 密植玉米品种 机播机收 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]