植烟土壤高活性氨化菌的筛选鉴定及其氨化能力分析  

Screening, Identification and Ammoniation Ability Analysis of High Activity Ammonia Bacteria in Tobacco Growing Soil

作　　者：王小花 黄莺[1] 陈雪 夏梓林 代飞 刘昌 张恒[1] WANG Xiaohua;HUANG Ying;CHEN Xue;XIA Zilin;DAI Fei;LIU Chang;ZHANG Heng(Guizhou University,Guizhou Key Laboratory for Tobacco Quality,Guiyang 550025,China;Bijie Tobacco Company,Bijie,Guizhou 551700,China;Zunyi Tobacco Company,Zunyi,Guizhou 563000,China;Anshun Tobacco Company,Anshun,Guizhou 561000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学,贵州省烟草品质重点实验室,贵阳550025 [2]贵州省烟草公司毕节分公司,贵州毕节551700 [3]贵州省烟草公司遵义分公司,贵州遵义563000 [4]贵州省烟草公司安顺分公司,贵州安顺561000

出　　处：《中国烟草科学》2019年第3期31-38,共8页Chinese Tobacco Science

基　　金：贵州省烟草公司科技项目“原位氮代谢微生物菌肥研发与应用”(201707);贵州省高层次创新人才培养计划—百层次人才项目{黔科合平台人才[2016] 5663号}

摘　　要：为调控植烟土壤有机态氮分解,从贵州省威宁县和湄潭县植烟土壤分离出52株氨化细菌。通过纳氏试剂法和氨化菌培养液培养法筛选,发现W2、W4、W6、W12、W16、Z3、Z6、Z15、Z9、Z50对有机氮具有较强的分解效果。16SrDNA序列分析表明,菌株W2、W4、W6、W12、W16、Z3、Z6、Z15、Z9和Z50分别属于金黄杆菌属、泛菌属、芽孢杆菌属、简单芽孢杆菌属、梭形杆菌属、芽孢杆菌属、土壤杆菌属、巨大芽孢杆菌属、短波单胞菌属和节杆菌属。通过氨化菌培养液培养法对菌株的分解能力测定表明,培养72h后,Z9菌株的有机氮分解能力显著(p≤0.05)高于其余9株,分解效果达到46.1%~93.4%。室内有机肥培养试验结果显示,施用菌株处理的无机氮含量均高于不施用菌株处理(CK),培养65d时各菌株处理较CK处理无机氮含量增加了550.80~1823.71mg/kg,添施菌株使无机氮含量提高了1.15~1.49倍。研究结果可用于有机氮分解复合微生物菌剂的配置。To regulate the decomposition of organic nitrogen in tobacco soil,52 strains of ammoniated bacteria were isolated from the soil of Weining and Meitan.After screening by the Nessler's reagent method and the ammoniated culture medium culture method,bacterial strains W2,W4,W6,W12,W16,Z3,Z6,Z15,Z9 and Z50 with strong decomposition effects on organic nitrogen were identified.16S rDNA sequence analysis indicated that strains W2,W4,W6,W12,W16,Z3,Z6,Z15,Z9 and Z50 belong to Chryseobacterium,Pantoea,Bacillus sq.,Bacillus simple,Lysinibacillus,Bacillus sq.,Aqrobacterium,Bacillus megaterium,Brevundimonas and Paenarthrobcter.The results from the ammoniated culture medium culture method showed that the organic nitrogen decomposition ability of Z9 was significantly higher(p≤0.05)than that of the other 9 strains after 72 h of culture,with the decomposition effect of 46.1%-93.4%.The results of indoor organic fertilizer culture test showed that the inorganic nitrogen content of the treatment with bacterial strains was higher than that of the treatment without bacteria(CK),the inorganic nitrogen content of the treatment with bacterial strains increased 550.80-1823.71 mg/kg after 65 days of cultivation,and the inorganic nitrogen content increased 1.15-1.49 times by adding bacterial strains.The results of this study can be applied to the configuration of organic nitrogen decomposition composite microbial agents.

关 键 词：植烟土壤 有机态氮 氨化细菌 筛选 分解能力 

分 类 号：S572.01[农业科学—烟草工业]