1990年与2016年北京市伤害疾病负担及其变化趋势  

The current status and changes of disease burden of injury in 1990 and 2016, Beijing

作　　者：马爱娟[1] 董忠[1] 曾新颖[2] 周脉耕[2] MA Ai-juan;DONG Zhong;ZENG Xin-ying;ZHOU Mai-geng(Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Beijing Center for Preventive Medicine Research,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心/北京市预防医学研究中心,100013 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2019年第3期117-121,共5页Capital Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(编号:2013BAI04B02)

摘　　要：目的了解北京市1990年和2016年伤害的疾病负担现状及其变化情况。方法利用2016年全球疾病负担研究结果,对1990年和2016年北京市伤害死亡情况和疾病负担进行描述。主要指标包括死亡数、过早死亡损失寿命年(YLL)、伤残损失寿命年(YLD)和伤残调整寿命年(DALY),同时使用2000-2025年世界人口的平均人口作为标准人口,计算标化死亡率、DALY率、YLL率和YLD率。结果2016年,因伤害造成的DALY为46.05万人年,较1990年增加70.75%,仅次于心脑血管病(87.56万人年)、恶性肿瘤(67.12万人年);YLD和YLL分别为23.65万人年、22.40万人年,较1990年分别增加166.03%和23.89%;标化DALY率、标化YLL率分别为1668.93/10万、817.52/10万,较1990年分别下降32.71%和49.92%;标化YLD率为851.42/10万,较1990年增加0.42%。2016年不同伤害类型,DALY排名前两位的伤害类型为道路交通事故和意外跌倒,分别为14.29万人年和10.34万人年;YLD前两位是意外跌倒和机械力所致损伤,分别为7.27万人年和3.66万人年;YLL前两位是道路交通事故和意外跌倒,分别为11.11万人年、3.07万人年。2016年,伤害DALY负担最高的年龄段是15~49岁,DALY为28.24万人年,占全部DALY的61.32%;男性DALY为31.12万人年,女性为14.93万人年。结论北京市伤害位居疾病负担第三位,伤残疾病负担成倍增长。意外跌倒位居YLD首位,道路交通事故位居YLL首位。15~49岁、男性的伤害疾病负担严重。应预防意外跌倒,加强安全意识教育,对驾驶员进行严格的交通规章培训,加强患者救治和管理。Objective To investigate the current status and changes of disease burden of injury in 1990 and 2016 for the residents in Beijing. Methods Using the result of the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2016 ( GBD 2016) to describe deaths and disease burden of injury in Beijing. The measurement index included the total deaths,years of life lost due to premature mortality ( YLL),years lived with disability ( YLD),and disability-adjusted life years ( DALY). Using the average world population from 2000 to 2025 as standard population to calculate the age-standardized mortality rate,DALY rate,YLL rate and YLD rate. Results In 2016,DALY of injury was 460. 5 thousand person-years which has increased by 70. 75% than that in 1990. Injury took the third place after cardio-cerebrovascular disease ( DALY was 875. 6 thousand person-years) and neoplasms ( DALY was 671. 2 thousand person-years). In 2016,YLD and YLL of injury was 236. 5 thousand person-years and 224. 0 thousand person-years,respectively,which increased by 166. 03% and 23. 89% than that in 1990. The age-standardized DALY rate and age-standardized YLL rate was 1668. 93 per 100 000 and 817. 52 per 100 000,respectively,which decreased by 32. 71% and 49. 92% than that in 1990. The age-standardized YLD rate was 851. 42 per 100 000 which increased by 0. 42% than that in 1990. In 2016,among different types of injuries,the top two injuries of DALYs were road traffic accidents and falls,which was 142. 9 thousand person-years and 103. 4 thousand person-years,respectively. The top two injuries of YLDs were falls and exposure to mechanical forces,which was 72. 7 thousand person-years and 36. 6 thousand person-years,respectively. The top two injuries of YLLs were road traffic accidents and falls,which was 111. 1 thousand person-years and 30. 7 thousand person-years,respectively. The disease burden of injury topped at the age group aged 15 to 49 years old,and the DALY was 282. 4 thousand person-years which accounted for 61. 32% of all DALY. The injury DALY of men was 311. 2 thousand p

关 键 词：伤害 死亡率 疾病负担 北京 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]