北京西山绿化树种PM2.5吸附量及叶表面AFM特征分析  

Relationship between adsorption capacity of PM2.5 and leaf surface characteristics of AFM for typical greening trees in the Western mountains of Beijing

作　　者：鲁绍伟 蒋燕 李少宁 赵娜 陈波 LU Shaowei;JIANG Yan;LI Shaoning;ZHAO Na;CHEN Bo(Forestry and Pomology Institute, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100093, China;Beijing Yanshan Forest Ecosystem Observation and Observation Station, Beijing 100093, China;Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environmental Improvement with Forestry and Fruit Tress, Beijing 100093, China;College of Ecology and Water-soil Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China)

机构地区：[1]北京市林业果树科学研究院,北京100093 [2]北京燕山森林生态系统定位观测研究站,北京100093 [3]北京林果业生态环境功能提升协同创新中心,北京100093 [4]西南林业大学生态与水土保持学院,昆明650224

出　　处：《生态学报》2019年第10期3777-3786,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设资助项目(KJCX20160301,KJCX20170601);科技创新团队资助项目(TWKST201609);科技创新服务能力建设-协同创新中心-林果业生态环境功能提升协同创新中心(2011协同创新中心)(市级)(PXM2017_014207_000024)

摘　　要：以北京西山针阔叶树种(白皮松 Pinus bungeana、油松Pinus tabulaeformis、柳树Salix babylonica、五角枫Acermono、银杏Ginkgo biloba、杨树 Populus spp.)为研究对象,应用气溶胶再发生器测定植物叶片夏秋季PM2.5吸附量,同时用原子力显微镜(AFM)观察叶表面微形态特征,并分析叶表面粗糙度等参数,探讨树种叶表面特征与其 PM2.5吸附能力间的相关性。结果表明:针叶树种年均单位叶面积PM2.5吸附量(1.70μg/cm^2)>阔叶树种(0.48μg/cm^2);各树种年均单位叶面积PM2.5吸附量大小排序为白皮松(1.71 μg/cm^2)>油松(1.67 μg/cm^2)>柳树(0.54 μg/cm^2)>五角枫(0.51 μg/cm^2)>银杏(0.47 μg/cm^2)>杨树(0.39μg/cm^2)。针叶树种单位叶面积PM2.5吸附量季节变化趋势为冬(2.86μg/cm^2)>春(1.39μg/cm^2)>秋(1.13μg/cm^2)>夏(0.96μg/cm^2);而阔叶树种则是秋(0.56μg/cm^2)>夏(0.55μg/cm^2)>春(0.015μg/cm^2)。叶片粗糙度与单位叶面积PM2.5吸附量呈显著线性正相关(P<0.01),其中,针叶树种吸附PM2.5能力受粗糙度影响较明显。北京作为国际化大都市,大气环境PM2.5污染趋于严重。因此,分析了北京西山典型针阔叶树种PM2.5吸附量的季节差异及其影响因素,探讨各树种叶片吸附PM2.5机理,根据各树种吸附PM2.5特征及其与叶表面形态的关系,对针阔叶树种进行合理配置,充分发挥城市绿地系统的生态服务功能,为城市绿化树种的科学选择提供参考。Six greening tree species (Pinus bungeana, Pinus tabulaeformis, Salix babylonica, Acermono, Ginkgo biloba, Populus spp.) from the Western mountains of Beijing were selected as research materials. The PM2.5 adsorption capacity of their leaves was measured in summer and autumn through the use of an aerosol generator. The surface micro-morphological characteristics of the collected leaves were also analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) to determine the leaf surface roughness parameters. The relationship between the PM2.5 adsorption capacity and the micro-morphological characteristics of the collected leaves were investigated. The results showed that the average annual absorption capacity of PM2.5 per unit leaf area of coniferous species (1.70 μg/ cm^2 ) was larger than that of broad-leaved trees (0.48 μg/ cm^2 ). The order of the average annual absorption capacities of PM2.5 per unit leaf area for these trees was P. bungeana (1. 71 μg/ cm^2 ), P. tabulaeformis (1.67 μg/ cm^2), Salix babylonica (0.54 μg/ cm^2), Acermono (0.51 μg/ cm^2), Ginkgo biloba (0.47 μg/ cm^2), and Populus spp.(0.39 μg/ cm^2). The seasonal adsorption capacities per unit leaf area of PM2.5 for coniferous trees followed the order winter (2.86 μg/ cm^2), spring (1.39 μg/ cm^2), autumn (1.13 μg/ cm^2), and summer (0.96 μg/ cm^2);and autumn (0.56 μg/ cm^2), summer (0.55 μg/ cm^2), and spring (0.015 μg/ cm^2 ) for broad-leaved trees. There was a significant positive linear correlation between leaf roughness and PM2.5 adsorption per unit area ( P < 0. 01), and the adsorption capacities of PM2.5 for coniferous species were significantly affected by leaf surface roughness. The atmospheric environment of Beijing, as an international metropolis, tends to be seriously polluted by PM2.5. According to the seasonal characteristics of PM2.5 adsorption and the relationship between adsorption capacity of PM2.5 and the micro-morphological characteristics for collected leaves from these greening trees, a suitable allocation of coniferous and bro

关 键 词：北京西山 针阔叶树种 PM2.5吸附量 AFM特征 粗糙度 

分 类 号：S731.2[农业科学—林学]