‘京白梨’优良单株组织培养高效快繁体系构建  

Construction of High Efficiency and Rapid Propagation System for Tissue Culture of Excellent Individual Plants of ’Jingbaili’

作　　者：刘春 高同雨 苏本营 李锦锦 李晶 武雅娟 王巍 沈应柏[3] Liu Chun;Gao Tongyu;Su Benying;Li Jinjin;Li Jing;Wu Yajuan;Wang Wei;Shen Yingbai(The Science and Technology of Ecology Restoration State Comprehensive Model Base of Beijing Mentougou District,Beijing 102300,China;Huaibei Normal University,Huaibei,Anhui 235000,China;College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市门头沟区国家生态修复科技综合示范基地,北京102300 [2]淮北师范大学,安徽淮北235000 [3]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院,北京100083

出　　处：《广西林业科学》2019年第2期173-178,共6页Guangxi Forestry Science

基　　金：北京市门头沟财政部门预算项目“京白梨高效栽培关键技术研究”

摘　　要：试验以‘京白梨’优良单株‘孟3’为试验材料,旨在通过外植体筛选、消毒方式优化、增殖和生根培养基筛选,建立‘京白梨’高效快繁体系,为脱毒苗快速培育提供科学支撑。结果表明:选用老枝条为外植体进行接种后污染率达到93.3%,而采用嫩梢污染率为0,因此在外植体的选择上应尽量采用‘京白梨’植株幼嫩组织,如花芽或刚萌发的嫩梢。采用2%的次氯酸钠与0.1%的升汞消毒,污染率分别为33%、18%,虽然升汞比次氯酸钠处理效果好,但考虑到安全和环境保护,建议使用次氯酸钠进行外植体消毒。1/2MS培养基与1.5mg/L赤霉素浓度对‘京白梨’花芽愈伤组织诱导较好。对‘京白梨’优良单株的组培体系建立过程中发现,采用3mg/L6-BA+0.5mg/LNAA+1.5mg/LGA3对‘京白梨’‘孟3’外植体的愈伤组织形成、不定芽个数的形成、增殖率、芽长度、叶片生长情况有良好的促进作用,增殖率为94%。生根培养试验结果表明:在S3、S5、S7、S9培养基中,15d观察后发现‘京白梨’组培苗的基部有根原基形成,但在此期间未诱导形成根,45d后观察发现,S10、S11培养基中的‘京白梨’组培苗成功诱导生根。以植株幼嫩组织作为外植体、2%的次氯酸钠作为消毒剂、采用3mg/L6-BA+0.5mg/LNAA+1.5mg/LGA3作为增殖培养基、S10和S11作为生根培养基,可有效提高‘京白梨’优良单株组培快繁育苗效率。Choosing‘Meng 3’excenllent single plants of ‘Jingbaili’ as objects,the aim of this experiment was to establish a high efficiency and rapid propagation system of‘Jingbaili’through selection of explants and rooting mediums,disinfection methods,and proliferation,and to provide scientific basis for cultivation of virus-free seedlings. Results showed that using old branches as explants,the pollution rate reached 93.3%,and the pollution rate of young shoots was 0. Young tissues,flower buds or newly germinated shoots of ‘Jingbaili’should be used as explants as far as possible. 2% NaClO and 0.1% HgCl2 were used to disinfect, and contamination rates were 33% and 18%,respectively. Although 0.1% HgCl2 was better than 2% NaClO, it was recommended to use NaClO for explants disinfection in view of safety and environmental protection;1/2 MS medium and 1.5 mg/L GA3 concentration was the best for callus induction of flower bud. In the process that tissue culture system of‘Jingbaili’ excellent individual plants was established, it was found that 3 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L NAA+1.5 mg/L GA3 had a good promoting effect on formation of callus and adventitious buds,proliferation rate,length of buds,and growth of leaves,and the proliferation rate was 94%. In rooting mediums,results showed that rooting primordium was formed at the base of‘Jingbaili’tissue culture seedlings after 15 days in the mediums of S3,S5,S7 and S9,but no rooting was induced during this period. After 45 days,‘Jingbaili’tissue culture plantlets in S10 and S11 mediums successfully induced rooting. Using young tissues as explants,2% NaClO as disinfectant,3 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L NAA+1.5 mg/L GA3 as proliferation medium,and S10 and S11 as rooting mediums could effectively promote the high efficiency and rapid propagation of excellent single plant tissue culture of ‘Jingbaili’.

关 键 词：京白梨 优良单株 组织培养 高效快速繁育 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]