时务学堂与近代长沙社会风气的革新  

Shiwu Academy and Reformation of Social Morality in Modern Changsha

作　　者：薛其林[1] XUE Qilin(Institute of Changsha Culture, Changsha University, Changsha Hunan 410022, China)

机构地区：[1]长沙学院长沙文化研究所

出　　处：《长沙大学学报》2019年第4期1-4,共4页Journal of Changsha University

基　　金：湖南省哲学社会科学项目“时务学堂与近现代长沙社会变迁研究”,编号:17YBA024;长沙市科技局项目“时务学堂与近代长沙社会风气的革新”,编号:K170514

摘　　要：在19世纪末20世纪初中国社会急剧转型、思潮激荡、政治维新、社会革新之际,在梁启超、谭嗣同等人的努力下,以倡导新学、鼓吹维新、培养时代新人为宗旨的时务学堂于1897年在长沙正式成立。时务学堂的创办与运行,创新了教育理念、教育模式、教育内容,开启了民智,推动了教育、文化和社会风俗诸领域的变革。长沙由"深闭固拒"、"守旧忠君"的"铁门之城"一变而为"维新爱国"、变法自强、"全国最富朝气"的城市。其中,社会风俗的改观最具特色,在民权、平等、自由思想的影响下,三纲五常、男尊女卑等传统家庭伦理、社会伦理观念受到巨大冲击,种种陈规陋俗开始荡涤,男女平等、婚姻自由、女子放足等社会风俗革新运动,如狂风巨浪,横扫社会的每个角落,冲刷着封建习俗的种种污泥浊水。剪辫易发、妇女放足、婚姻自主、新式婚礼蔚然成风。Chinese society experienced sharp political and social transformation with the flood of ideas surging from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century.With the efforts of Liang Qichao and Tan Sitong,Siwu Academy was set up in Changsha in 1897,whose purpose was to promote modern education and reform and cultivate new talents.The founding and running of Siwu Academy innovated the educational idea,enlighten the people,and promote the reform in education,culture and social custom.Changsha turned from an iron city of seclusion,adhering to old ways and being loyal to emperor to a most promising city of reform,patriotism and self-independence.The change of social custom was the most representative.The ideas of civil rights,equality and freedom brought great impact on the traditional family ethics and social morality.The outmoded conventions and customs has been discarded,and the reform of social customs took place everywhere,such as sexual equality,freedom of marriage,release of women's feet and so on.It had become a trend that men cut their long braid,women released their feet,and they had free choice of partners and new model of weddings.

关 键 词：时务学堂 新式教育 社会风气革新 长沙 

分 类 号：K256.9[历史地理—历史学]