美国石油崛起推动世界石油格局重大变化下中国能源安全的风险及对策  

Countermeasures to risks of Chinese energy security under major changes of world petroleum pattern caused by uprising of the petroleum industry of USA

作　　者：梁海峰 李颖[2,3] LIANG Haifeng;LI Ying(China North Industries Corporation,Beijing 100053,China;Institute of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China;MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,Institute of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)

机构地区：[1]中国北方工业有限公司,北京100053 [2]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,北京100037 [3]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所自然资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室,北京100037

出　　处：《中国矿业》2019年第7期7-12,共6页China Mining Magazine

摘　　要：随着美国石油产量跃居世界第一,欧佩克(OPEC)领导世界石油供应的旧格局成为历史,美国、欧佩克(OPEC)、俄罗斯三足鼎立的新格局初步形成。新格局下,美国正积极谋求国际石油事务的领导权,通过国家石油产业政策、财政金融政策、对外经济制裁、军事斗争来干预国际石油发展秩序,使中国能源面临供应安全风险、价格安全风险、运输安全风险乃至石油战的风险。我国需要积极开展大国能源外交,发展石油交易相关货币金融体系,以技术革命引领国内保障能力建设,系统筹划国际石油保障能力建设,大力发展海上军备保障能源运输安全。As USA oil production leapt to the world s first place,the old pattern of OPEC leading the world s oil supply became history,and a new pattern of three-legged including USA,OPEC and Russia was initially formed.Under the new pattern,the United States is actively seeking the leadership of international oil affairs.It can intervene in the international oil development order with its national petroleum industry policies,fiscal and financial policies,foreign economic sanctions and military measures.Therefore,China’s energy security is exposed to supply risk,price risk,transportation risk and even petroleum war.It is necessary for China to actively carry out the energy diplomacy with major energy powers,develop the monetary and financial systems related to oil transactions,construct domestic energy security capabilities by using revolutionary informational technologies,systematically deploy international petroleum security capabilities,and vigorously develop maritime armaments to ensure energy transportation security.

关 键 词：石油产业 世界石油格局 反石油生产和出口卡特尔法案 能源安全 

分 类 号：F407.2[经济管理—产业经济] F416.2