温度和pH对海水曝气生物滤器硝化性能的影响  

Effects of temperature and pH on nitrification in a seawater biological aerated filter

作　　者：徐建平 赵越 李贤[1] 张延青[3] 刘鹰 XU Jian-ping;ZHAO Yue;LI Xian;ZHANG Yan-qing;LIU Ying(Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Qingdao Technological University, Qingdao 266033, China;College of Ocean Technique and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所实验海洋生物学重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院,山东青岛266033 [4]大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2019年第4期558-565,共8页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0701700);国家自然科学基金资助项目(31472312,31672673);青岛市海洋经济创新发展示范城市重点项目;江苏省现代农业-研究开发示范类项目(BE2015325)

摘　　要：为研究不同环境因子对曝气生物滤器硝化作用的影响,采用人工模拟海水养殖废水,研究了在不同温度(10、15、20、25、30℃)与不同pH值(7.0、7.5、7.7、8.0、8.5)条件下,生物滤器(玻璃材质,高60 cm,内部直径10 cm)对总氨氮(TAN)、亚硝酸盐氮(NO2^--N)的处理情况。结果表明:在温度为10~25℃时,生物滤器对TAN、NO2^--N的去除速率随着温度的上升不断增加;当温度为25℃、pH为7.7时生物滤器对TAN的体积去除速率最大,达到(0.793 1±0.023 1)mg/(L·h);当温度为25℃、pH为7.5时,生物滤器对NO2^--N的去除速率明显高于其他处理组,并在150 min左右完成对NO2^--N的去除;试验过程中各处理组均存在不同程度的NO2^--N积累现象,在温度为10~25℃、pH为7.0~8.5时这种现象随着温度和pH值的升高不断加剧。研究表明,相较于亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB),氨氧化菌(AOB)对环境温度、pH值变化适应能力更强,该研究结果可为曝气生物滤器的高效及稳定运行提供理论指导。A plexiglass biological aerated filter(BAF) measured 60 cm in height and 10 cm in inner diameter had effective volume of 4 liter and composed of 64 annular hole plastic paddings with diameter of 2.5 cm and depth of 0.4 cm, efficient surface of 1200 m^2/m^3, with biofilm formation by recirculating water from turbot culture. The removal rates of total ammonia nitrogen(TAN) and NO2^--N from artificial simulation of mariculture effluent prepared by food remnants, excrement and feces were determined by the BAF exposed to different temperatures of 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 ℃ regulated by a heater and pH values of 7.0, 7.5, 7.7, 8.0, and 8.5 controlled by addition of HCl and NaOH to evaluate the effects of temperature and pH on the nitrification of the biofilter. It was found that the removal rate of TAN and NO2^--N by the biofilters was increased with the increase in temperature from 10 ℃ to 25 ℃, with the maximal removal rate(0.793 1±0.023 1)mg/(L·h) of TAN at 25 ℃ and pH 7.7. There was higher removal rate of NO2^--N at 25 ℃ and pH 7.5 than that in the other groups, complete removal of NO2^--N in about 150 min. Moreover, accumulation of nitrite nitrogen(AOB), to some extent, was observed in all groups, higher with increase in temperature and pH value within water temperature of 10-25 ℃, and pH of 7.0-8.5. The findings indicated that the ammonia oxidative bacteria(AOB) was more adaptable to the changes in ambient temperature and pH value compared with the than nitrite oxidative bacteria(NOB), which can provide a reference for the further study and application of biological aerated filter.

关 键 词：生物滤器 温度 PH值 硝化作用 亚硝酸盐积累 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]