2016～2018年铜陵市血吸虫病疫情分析  

Analysis on the endemic status of schistosomiasis in Tongling city from 2016 to 2018

作　　者：施晓冬[1] 王平[1] 唐静[1] 杨舟丹 Shi Xiaodong;Wang Ping;Tang Jing;Yang Zhoudan(Tongling Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Tongling 244000, China)

机构地区：[1]铜陵市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《热带病与寄生虫学》2019年第1期18-21,共4页Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology

摘　　要：目的分析和掌握铜陵市2016~2018年血吸虫病疫情变化规律,为制订防治策略提供依据。方法收集2016~2018年铜陵市血吸虫病防治疫情资料,分析新形势下和不同年份病情和螺情变化情况。结果截止到2018年底,全市共计4个县区、31个乡镇、201个流行村流行血吸虫病,历史累计钉螺面积14953.09hm^2,现有钉螺面积4844.92hm^2,现有病人数483人。2018年全市有螺环境数257个、实有钉螺面积4844.92hm^2,分别较2016年下降9.5%、0.73%。2016~2018年新发现钉螺面积394.7hm^2,复现钉螺面积173.49hm^2,未查出感染性钉螺。2018年疫情监测村钉螺调查显示,活螺密度为0.8111只/0.1m^2,较2016年0.5283只/0.1m^2,上升53.52%。三年间累计开展人群血检573197人,查出阳性11277人,各年度阳性率在1.671%~2.289%之间,人群和耕牛病原学检查未查出阳性病人和病畜,也未报告急性血吸虫病病例。2018年血吸虫病人群推算感染率0.095%,较2016年(0.109%)下降12.6%。结论全市血吸虫病病情持续下降,但受洪涝灾害影响,螺情有反复的风险。仍需因地制宜的实施传染源控制措施,加大灭螺力度、血吸虫病动态监测以及重点人群防控,确保如期实现我市达到传播阻断和消除血吸虫病的目标。Objective To understand and analyze the change status of schistosomiasis epidemic in Tonglingcity from 2016 to 2018 for evidence to plan prevention and control strategies. Methods The data were collected on schistosomiasis control in Tongling city from 2016 to 2018, and analyzed for the changes of schistosomiasis and Oncomelania snails in current situation and in different years. Results By the end of 2018, schistosomiasis still remained prevalent in 201 villages of 31 towns under the administrative 4 counties and districts of Tongling city. Areas with Oncomelania snails were 149.539 hm^2 in history, 484.492 hm^2 at present. The number of infected people was 483.In 2018, there were 257 snail-infested environments, and areas identified with snails were 48.4492 hm^2, which was respectively reduced by 9.5% and 0.73% since 2016. From 2016 to 2018, the areas with Oncomelania snails were 39.447 hm^2, and 17.349 hm 2 areas were found with snail recurrence. No infectious snails were detected. A survey on snails conducted in 2018 across the surveillance villages showed that the density of living snails was 0.8111 per 0.1square meters, increased by 53.52% from 0.5283 per 0.1square meters in 2016. Blood tests were carried out in the past three years in 573 197 population, and revealed positive results 11 277. The annual positive rate ranged from 1.671% to 2.289%. No positive results were found in population and cattle by etiological examination, and no cases of acute schistosomiasis were reported. The estimated infection rate of schistosomiasis patients was 0.095% in 2018, 12.6% lower than that in 2016(0.109%). Conclusion Schistosomiasis tends to continuously decline across Tongling area, yet the snail prevalence still exists due to the flood disaster. Control measures for the infection sources should be appropriate to the local situation by intensified control of snails, dynamic surveillance over the critical population so as to ensure that the target of transmission interruption and elimination of schistosomiasis can be a

关 键 词：血吸虫病 疫情分析 铜陵市 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学]