铜陵市某精神疾病专科医院结核病聚集性疫情调查处置  

Investigation and management of tuberculosis epidemic aggregation in a psychiatric hospital in Tongling city

作　　者：吴燕 孙依梅[1] 李光清[1] Wu Yan;Sun Yimei;Li Guangqing(Tongling Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tongling 244000, China)

机构地区：[1]铜陵市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《热带病与寄生虫学》2019年第1期30-32,共3页Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology

摘　　要：目的调查处置铜陵市某精神疾病专科医院聚集性疫情,为今后类似疫情处置提供参考。方法对2015年安徽铜陵市某专科医院发生的结核病聚集性疫情开展现场流行病学调查和密切接触者筛查,诊断方法包括结核菌素(PPD)皮肤实验、X线胸片、痰涂片检查。结果疫情共发现肺结核病例12例,均为菌阴肺结核,A病区6例,罹患率6.12%;B病区6例,罹患率8.11%;A病区密切接触者PPD强阳性率为8.70%,B病区密切接触者PPD强阳性率为24.66%,预防性服药率19.04%。结论此次疫情发生由于未早期发现、隔离并治疗肺结核患者,专科医院未及时开展密切接触者筛查及消毒措施,未做好患者管理控制工作。早期发现、隔离并治疗结核病患者,把好患者进出关口,加强结核病相关知识的培训等措施,是预防控制精神疾病专科医院发生的结核病疫情的关键。Objective To investigate and manage the epidemic aggregation of tuberculosis in a special mental hospital in Tongling city for reference to deal with such epidemic in the future. Methods Field epidemiological survey was carried out in special psychiatric hospital with tuberculosis epidemic aggregation in 2015, and subjects of close contact were screened by included skin test of tuberculin (PPD), chest X-ray and sputum smear. Results Twelve cases of tuberculosis were found in the hospital. All cases were bacterium-negative tuberculosis, in which 6 were identified in ward A(6.12%), and another 6 in ward B(8.11%). PPD was strong positive in 8.70% and 24.66% of the subjects in ward A and B, respectively. Prophylactic drug was applied to 19.04% of subjects. Conclusion Tuberculosis epidemic aggregation occurred in a special mental hospital in Tongling city was associated with failure of early detection, isolation and treatment as well as corresponding measures failed to be timely taken, including screening of the subjects with close contact, disinfection of the affected environment and effective control measures. Key measures to control tuberculosis epidemic aggregation in such hospital should include early detection and isolation , restricted access to the affected area as well as strengthened training on tuberculosis-related knowledge.

关 键 词：精神病 肺结核 聚集性疫情 密切接触者筛查 流行病学 

分 类 号：R52[医药卫生—内科学]