不同干扰程度对巴音温都尔沙漠球果白刺灌丛空间格局影响的研究  

Effect of Different Disturbance Degrees on Spatial Patterns of Nitraria Sphaerocarpa Shrubs in Bayingwendur Desert

作　　者：郭向东 罗于洋 王树森 温苏雅勒图 张宏武[3] 马迎梅 郭宇 孟凡旭 张娜 程冀文 张平 张学军 GUO Xiangdong;LUO Yuyang;WANG Shusen;WEN Suyaletu;ZHANG Hongwu;MA Yingmei;GUO Yu;MENG Fanxu;ZHANG Na;CHENG Jiwen;ZHANG Ping;ZHANG Xuejun(College of the Desert Control Science and Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,Inner Mongolia,China;The Forestry Bureau of Urat Back Banner,Bayannur 015500,InnerMongolia,China;Institute of Forestry Science of Bayannur,Bayannur 015000,Inner Mongolia,China;Bayannur Urat National Natural Reserve Administration,Urat Back Banner 015500,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院,呼和浩特010018 [2]乌拉特后旗林业局,乌拉特后旗015500 [3]内蒙古自治区巴彦淖尔市林业科学研究所,巴彦淖尔015000 [4]巴彦淖尔市乌拉特国家级自然保护区管理局,乌拉特后旗015500

出　　处：《内蒙古林业调查设计》2019年第4期74-78,69,共6页Inner Mongolia Forestry Investigation and Design

摘　　要：球果白刺(Nitraria sphaerocarpa)作为巴音温都尔沙漠的重要建群种,具有很高的饲用价值和防风固沙作用。为了探究巴音温都尔沙漠球果白刺在不同干扰程度下灌丛空间格局分布的差异,通过每公顷放牧骆驼的数量来划定不同干扰程度的群落(未干扰群落,骆驼0峰/hm^2;轻度干扰群落,骆驼约0.6峰/hm^2;中度干扰群落,骆驼约1峰/hm^2),分析不同干扰程度对球果白刺灌丛空间点格局分布的影响。结果表明:(1)群落内的球果白刺现存量干重从大到小依次为未干扰的群落(73.33 g/m^2)>轻度干扰的群落(17.67 g/m^2)>中度干扰的群落(13.58 g/m^2);空斑总面积从大到小依次为中度干扰的群落(2 335 m^2)>轻度干扰的群落(2 241.25 m^2)>未干扰的群落(2 143 m^2)。(2)样方内的球果白刺数量从多到少依次为中度干扰的群落(459株)>轻度干扰的群落(272株)>未干扰的群落(142株),随着干扰程度的降低,个体在逐渐增大。(3)中度干扰的球果白刺群落内,在0~3 m、4~19 m的尺度内表现为随机分布,在3~4 m、19~25 m的尺度内表现为聚集分布。轻度干扰的球果白刺群落内,在0~12 m、13~25 m的尺度内表现为随机分布,在12~13 m的尺度内表现为聚集分布。未干扰的群落内,球果白刺表现为随机分布。Nitraria sphaerocarpa,an important vegetation constructive species in the Bayingwenduer Desert,has high values for forage and wind-withstanding and sand-fixation.In order to explore the spatial distribution pattern of Nitraria sphaerocarpa under different disturbance degrees in Bayin-Wenduer Desert,different disturbance degree plots(natural state plot,0 camel/ha;moderate disturbance plot,about 0.6 camel/ha;moderate disturbance plot,about 1 camel/ha)were delineated based on the number of grazing camels per hectare.Morphological difference of sand dunes in Nitraria sphaerocarpa Shrubs under disturbance degree were evaluated.The results showed that:(1)The standing dry weight of Nitraria sphaerocarpa in the community was in the order of undisturbed community(73.33g/m^2)>mildly disturbed community(17.67g/m^2)>moderately disturbed community(13.58g/m^2);the total area of plaque was in the order of moderately disturbed community(2335m^2)>mildly disturbed community(2241.25m^2)>undisturbed community(2143m^2).(2)The number of Nitraria sphaerocarpa in the sample plot was moderately disturbed(459 plants)>mildly disturbed(272 plants)>uninterrupted(142 plants).With the decrease of disturbance degree,the individual was gradually increasing.(3)The moderately disturbed community of Nitraria sphaerocarpa showed random distribution in the scale of 0-3m and 4-19m,and aggregated distribution in the scale of 3-4m and 19-25m.In the community of Nitraria sphaerocarpa with mild disturbance,the distribution was random in the scale of 0-12m,13-25m,and aggregated in the scale of 12-13m.In the uninterrupted community,the distribution of Nitraria sphaerocarpa was random.

关 键 词：不同干扰程度 球果白刺 巴音温都尔沙漠 点格局 

分 类 号：S793.9[农业科学—林木遗传育种]