儿童下呼吸道卡他莫拉菌的耐药性研究  

Antibiotic resistance profile of Moraxella catarrhalis in children with lower respiratory tract infection

作　　者：杨晓华[1] 谭南[1] 林爱心[1] 张炽伦[1] 蔡凤娟 YANG Xiaohua;TAN Nan;LIN Aixin;ZHANG Zhilun;CAI Fengjuan(Department of Laboratory Medicine,Zhongshan Boai Hospital of Nanfang Medical University,Zhongshan Guangdong 528403,China)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学附属中山市博爱医院检验中心

出　　处：《中国感染与化疗杂志》2019年第4期396-399,共4页Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy

摘　　要：目的对儿童下呼吸道分离的卡他莫拉菌感染情况及耐药性进行研究,指导临床诊断和用药。方法选取2015年1月-2017年12月广东省中山市博爱医院儿科门诊和住院部下呼吸道感染患儿,对其痰液标本进行卡他莫拉菌的分离培养,并进行鉴定及药敏试验。结果共计25598例下呼吸道感染患儿,分离得卡他莫拉菌3055株,卡他莫拉菌检出率为11.93%,卡他莫拉菌感染以秋冬季高发,1~6岁多见,混合感染率为44.03%,以肺炎链球菌混合感染最多。卡他莫拉菌对甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲唑、四环素、阿莫西林-克拉维酸的敏感率均高于90%;对红霉素、阿奇霉素、克拉霉素的不敏感率均接近30%。结论1~6岁儿童是秋冬季感染卡他莫拉菌的高危人群,且混合感染率较高,其感染特点及耐药状况应受临床关注。Objective To examine the clinical features and antibiotic resistance profile of Moraxella catarrhalis in children with lower respiratory tract infection for rational use of antimicrobial agents.Methods The children with lower respiratory tract infection treated in pediatric department of Zhongshan Boai Hospital from January 2015 to December 2017 were enrolled.The bacterial species were identified and antimicrobial susceptibility determined.Results The prevalence of Moraxella catarrhalis was 11.93%(3 055/25 598) in sputum specimens,relatively higher in autumn and winter.Moraxella catarrhalis was mostly isolated from the children of 1-6 years old.Mixed infection was found in 44.03% of the children.Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most common pathogen in the mixed infection of Moraxella catarrhalis.More than 90% of the Moraxella catarrhalis strains were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,tetracycline,and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid,but nearly 30% of them were non-susceptible to erythromycin,clarithromycin and azithromycin.Conclusions The children at 1-6 years of age are at high risk of Moraxella catarrhalis infection in autumn and winter.Clinicians should consider the clinical features,mixed infection,and antibiotic resistance profile of Moraxella catarrhalis in clinical diagnosis and treatment.

关 键 词：儿童 卡他莫拉菌 感染 下呼吸道 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378.1[医药卫生—病原生物学]