南充地区0～4岁婴幼儿功能性便秘发病率及相关因素调查  

Investigation on incidence rate and related factors of functional constipation in infants aged 0-4 years in Nanchong

作　　者：陈凌华[1] 雷玲[1] 李杰[1] 赵慧[1] 张沥文[1] CHEN Ling-Hua;LEI Ling;LI Jie(Nanchong Central Hospital,the Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College,Nanchong,Sichuan 637000,China)

机构地区：[1]川北医学院第二临床医学院南充市中心医院

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2019年第13期3060-3063,共4页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：南充市科技局2016年研发资金项目(KY-16YFZJ0036)

摘　　要：目的调查南充地区0~4岁婴幼儿功能性便秘(FC)发病率及相关因素,为婴幼儿FC的防治提供依据.方法采用罗马Ⅲ便秘诊断标准、Bristol图谱、自行设计的调查问卷分层整群随机抽样调查10 000名南充地区0~4岁婴幼儿家长有关婴幼儿排便情况及便秘相关因素.结果南充地区0~4岁婴幼儿FC的发病率为6.2%,患病率随年龄增长有增高趋势,与性别无关.婴幼儿FC主要是Bristol粪便1~3型便,主要症状有:每周排便≤2次,排便为颗粒状或硬便、排便疼痛或困难、排便>30 min;人工喂养、添加辅食早、饮食纤维少、排便恐惧、遗传、过敏、肥胖和经济收入高是0~2岁婴幼儿FC的主要危险因素;人工喂养、添加辅食早、饮食纤维少、挑食偏食、排便恐惧、遗传、过敏、精神因素、肥胖和经济收入高是2~4岁婴幼儿FC的主要危险因素,其OR值均>1.结论0~4岁婴幼儿FC危险因素较多,Bristol粪便1~3型便是婴幼儿FC的高危因素.婴幼儿FC的预防应注意科学合理喂养,从添加辅食就开始关注均衡饮食、定时排便、心情愉悦、控制体重等,加强早期干预预防便秘的发生.Objective To investigate the incidence rate and related factors of functional constipation(FC)in infants aged 0-4 years in Nanchong,provide an evidence for prevenlion and treatment of FC in infants.Methods RomeⅢconstipation diagnostic standard,Bristol atlas,and a self-designed questionnaire were used to investigate the defecation and constipation related factors of the parents of 10 000 infants aged 0-4 years in Nanchong by stratified cluster random sampling method.Results The incidence rate of FC in infants aged 0-4 years in Nanchong was 6.2%.The prevalence rate increased with age,which was not related to gender;FC was mainly Bristol stool type 1-3 stool.The main symptoms included less than 2 times per week,grainy or hard stool,pain or difficulty of defecation,defecation time more than 30 minutes;artificial feeding,early adding food supplements,less dietary fiber,fear of defecation,heredity,allergy,obesity,and high economic income were the main risk factors of FC in infants aged 0-2 years old;artificial feeding,early adding food supplements,less dietary fiber,picky food,fear of defecation,heredity,allergy,mental factors,obesity,and high economic income were FC in infants aged 2-4 years old.The OR values of the main risk factors were more than 1.Conclusion There are many risk factors for FC in infants aged 0-4 years.Bristol stool type 1-3 is one of the high-risk factor of FC in infants.The prevention of FC in infants should pay attention to scientific and rational feeding.From the addition of supplementary food,it begins to pay attention,balanced diet,regular defecation,mood pleasures,control weight,and so on,strengthen early intervention and prevent constipation.

关 键 词：婴幼儿 功能性便秘 发病率 相关因素 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]