社会福利视角下最优城市规模研究——基于中国地级市数据的分析  

Analysis on the Optimal Urban Scale from the Perspective of Social Welfare——Based on the Data of Chinese Prefecture-level Cities

作　　者：丁凡琳 陆军[1] DING Fan-lin;LU Jun(School of Government,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学政府管理学院

出　　处：《北京社会科学》2019年第7期14-26,共13页Social Sciences of Beijing

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大专题项目“中国城市精细化管理:体制机制、运营模式与实施保障研究”(17VZL019)

摘　　要：从社会福利角度探究最优城市规模问题,通过对社会效益和社会成本函数的重新界定,并根据均衡理论构建最优规模的理论模型。在此基础上,运用中国地级市2012-2015年统计数据进行实证检验。结果表明,城市最优规模并非唯一、恒定的数值,而是受城市禀赋和时空差异共同影响的动态过程。在当前社会福利水平下,大城市与中小型城市的实际规模大多低于其最优水平,城市具有进一步扩展的空间;而超特大城市则大多面临人口规模超载问题,随着人口规模增加,其社会净效益呈边际递减趋势。The thesis tries to find the optimal urban scale from the perspective of social welfare,through redefining the conception of the social benefit and cost functions,and then establishing a theoretical model of optimal scale based on the equilibrium theory.Meanwhile,it uses the statistical data of prefectural cities in China from 2012 to 2015,to carry out an empirical test.The conclusion shows that the so-called optimal scale is not just a single,constant value,but a dynamic process which is influenced by the natural endowments and space-time differences.Currently,under the level of social welfare,the scales of some large cities and medium-small cities are mostly below the optimal scales,which still have spaces for expansions;while some super-megacities mostly face with the problem of overloading,and their social benefits have a marginal decrease trend with the increase of population scale.This perspective not only provides a new idea for the analysis of urban optimal scale,but also provides some policy inspirations for the governances of urban scale.

关 键 词：城市 最优规模 社会福利 成本收益分析 

分 类 号：F290[经济管理—国民经济]