经济技术开发区建设对中国经济格局的影响  

The Impact of Economic and Technological Development Zone on China’s Economic Pattern

作　　者：郑智 叶尔肯·吾扎提[1,2,3] 梁宜[1,2,3] 张若琰 刘卫东[1,2,3] ZHENG Zhi;YEERKEN Wuzhati;LIANG Yi;ZHANG Ruoyan;LIU Weidong(Institute of Geography Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [3]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049

出　　处：《经济地理》2019年第6期26-35,共10页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41530751)

摘　　要：改革开放以来,经济技术开发区作为中国经济发展的试验田和先导力量,引领着地方经济的转型和增长。经济技术开发区的建设对中国经济格局是否存在显著影响,这种影响又如何表现是一个非常有意义的研究议题。文章将经济技术开发区对当地经济作用关系归纳为增速效应与溢出效应两种形式,并通过地理加权回归等空间计量方法对其进行定量刻画,研究发现:①经济技术开发区数量以及增加值分布呈现出东、中、西部依次递减的格局,并主要集中在由长江经济带,以及长三角以北的沿海经济带组成的反"L"形区域。②高增速效应区域由西北转向东部沿海,最后集中于长江经济带,而高溢出效应区域则由西部转向东南,最终集中于中部地区。③根据增速效应和溢出效应的数值关系,可将经济技术开发区对城市的作用类型分为高增速高溢出、低增速高溢出、高增速低溢出以及低增速低溢出效应四种类型。其中高-高型主要分布在长江经济带中游,高-低型分布在西北以及东部沿海,低-高型分布在中部以及东北地区,而低-低型则主要分布于环渤海和江苏以及内蒙古、甘肃和陕西一带。④经济技术开发区的建设更进一步地加强东部地区经济优势。文章提出:经济技术开发区建设和转型过程中,应注重增速效应和溢出效应的均衡发展,提升自身增速的同时,积极融入到区域经济以及社会网络中去,更好地服务于当地经济发展。Since the reform and opening, the economic and technological development zone, as a test field and leading force for China’s economic development, has always been leading the transformation and growth of the local economy.Whether the construction of them have conducted a significant impact on China’s economic structure and how this effect is manifested are very significant research topics. In this paper, the contribution forms the economic and technological development zone on the local economy is summarized as growth effect and spillover effect, and it is quantitatively characterized by geographically weighted regression and other spatial analysis methods. Major conclusions are drawn as follows: 1)The number and added value pattern of the economic and technological development zone shows a decreasing trend from the east to the west mainly gathers in the inverted "L-shaped" region consisting of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the coastal economic belt. 2) The areas with high growth effect turn from the northwest to the eastern coast and finally concentrate on the Yangtze River Economic Belt, while the areas with high spillover effect turn from the west to the southeast and finally concentrate in the middle region. 3) According to the numerical relationship between the growth effect and the spillover effect, this paper classifies the effect of the economic and technological development zone on the city as four types which are high-growth and high-spillover(H-H), low-growth and high-spillover(L-H), highgrowth and low-spillover(H-L), low-growth and low-spillover(L-L). The H-H type mainly distributes in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The H-L type distributes in the northwest and the east coast, the L-H type distributes in the central and northeast areas, and the L-L type mainly distributes in the Bohai Rim, Jiangsu and Inner Mongolia, Gansu and Shaanxi. 4) The construction of the economic and technological development zone has further strengthened the economic advantages of the eastern

关 键 词：经济技术开发区 经济格局演变 区域差异 增速效应 溢出效应 转型升级 增长极 

分 类 号：F119.9[经济管理—国际贸易]