重庆市非物质文化遗产的空间格局及旅游开发模式  

Spatial Distribution Pattern of Intangible Cultural Heritage and Tourism Development in Chongqing

作　　者：江娟丽[1,2] 杨庆媛[2] 张忠训[2] 苏康传[2] JIANG Juanli;YANG Qingyuan;ZHANG Zhongxun;SU Kangchuan(College of Economics and Management,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;School of Geographical Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学经济管理学院,重庆400715 [2]西南大学地理科学学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《经济地理》2019年第6期205-213,共9页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家民委民族研究项目(2018-GMG-010)

摘　　要：研究非物质文化遗产空间格局及旅游开发模式,是提高非物文化遗产的管理和保护水平的重要路径。采用最邻近点指数、核密度分析法、Moran′s I指数分析重庆非物质文化遗产项目的结构特征、空间分布特征。研究表明:①重庆市非物质文化遗产项目中,国家级非物质文化遗产项目较少,市级非物质文化遗产占主体。传统音乐、传统手工技艺、曲艺、传统舞蹈是重庆国家级非物质遗产项目的主要类型;传统手工技艺、传统音乐、传统舞蹈、传统美术、民俗是市级项目的主要类型。②重庆市非物质文化遗产项目整体上呈南多北少、总体分散和"中心-外围-两翼"递减的分布格局。③基于结构类型和空间特征,提出中心外围区、两翼地区"基础+发展+提高"不同组合;国家级+省级文化生态保护区相结合、政府主导+市场运作相结合、社区参与旅游等开发模式。Research on the spatial distribution pattern and tourism development of intangible cultural heritage in Chongqing is an important approach to improve the management and protection of intangible cultural heritage. This paper, applying the nearest point index, Kernel density analysis method, and Moran’s I index analysis, analyzes the structure and spatial distribution characteristics of intangible cultural heritage in Chongqing. The results show that: 1)Most of the intangible cultural heritages in Chongqing are municipal intangible cultural heritages, while national intangible cultural heritages only take up quite a small proportion. Traditional craftsmanship, traditional music, quyi and traditional dance are the main types in national intangible cultural heritages, while traditional craftsmanship, traditional music, traditional dance, traditional arts and folk customs also account for the major part of municipal intangible cultural heritages;2) There are 44 national and 511 municipal intangible cultural heritages discretely distributed in four regions of Chongqing, which manifest a decreasing trend from the center to the periphery and the southern and northern of Chongqing;3) On the basis of the spatial distribution pattern, following tourism development modes are proposed:different combinations of "basics + development + improvement" in central-peripheral, southern and northern areas,combination of national and municipal ecological reserves, combination of government’s leading role and market operation, and community participation.

关 键 词：非物质文化遗产 乡村振兴 旅游开发模式 文化旅游 传统文化与民俗 国家级文化生态保护区 

分 类 号：F590.31[经济管理—旅游管理]