贵州草海地区不同土地利用方式土壤中尿素氮转化对3种硝化抑制剂的响应  

Response of Soil Urea Nitrogen Conversion to Three Nitrification Inhibitors of Different Land Use Patterns in Caohai Area, Guizhou Province

作　　者：赵斌 朱四喜[1,2] 程谊 徐铖 李武江 ZHAO Bin;ZHU Sixi;CHENG Yi;XU Cheng;LI Wujiang(Institute of Karst Wetland Ecology, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025,China;College of Eco-environment Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China)

机构地区：[1]贵州民族大学喀斯特湿地生态研究中心,贵阳550025 [2]贵州民族大学生态环境工程学院,贵阳550025 [3]中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,南京210008

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2019年第7期1169-1178,共10页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：贵州省科技厅科技支撑计划([2018]2807);国家自然科学基金(31560107);贵州省研究生科研基金(KYJJ2017006)~~

摘　　要：以贵州草海湿地生态系统中农用地、沼泽地和林地土壤为研究对象,在室内恒温条件下培养,研究单施尿素(CK)、尿素+5%双氰胺(5%DCD)、尿素+0.27% 2-氯-6-三氯甲基吡啶(0.27%CP,伴能)和尿素+ 0.31% 2-氯-6-(三氯甲基)吡啶(0.31% NP,奥复托)对土壤pH、N 2O累积排放量、NH4+-N和NO3--N质量分数的影响。结果表明:农用地、沼泽地和林地土壤NO3--N质量分数呈现逐渐上升趋势,农用地、沼泽地土壤pH、NH4+-N质量分数和硝化抑制率先升后降,而林地土壤为逐渐下降趋势。0.27%CP处理的农用地和沼泽地及0.31%NP处理林地土壤净硝化速率依次为0.45、0.50 、0.41 mg/(kg·d),N 2O累积排放量分别为 13.44 、10.6、 6.98 μg/kg,均显著小于其他处理。5%DCD、0.27%CP、0.31%NP处理间存在差异,而 0.27% CP处理的农用地和沼泽地、0.31%NP处理的林地具有较好的抑制剂效果。因此,可选取0.27%CP用于农用地和沼泽地,0.31%NP用于林地,以提高草海地区土壤中尿素利用率,并减缓施肥带来的环境污染。This study is focused on the soils from the farm land, marsh land and wood land in Caohai wetland ecosystem of Guizhou province.Using single application of urea (CK), and its combined application with dicyandiamide (5% DCD), 2-chloro-6-trichloromethyl pyridine (Banneng, 27% CP), 2-chloro- 6-trichloromethyl pyridine (Aofutuo, 0.31% NP), respectively, the effects of soil pH, N2O, NH4 +-N and the cumulative discharge of NO3--N were measured under the constant temperature conditions indoor.The results show that the mass fraction of NO3--N was gradually increasing in the farm land, marsh land and wood land.Soil pH, the mass fraction of NH4+-N and nitrification inhibition rates in farm land and marsh land arose firstly and then decreased, while soil pH and the mass fraction of NH4 +-N in the wood lands decreased gradually.The net nitrification rates in farm lands and marsh land treated by 0.27% CP , and the wood land treated by 0.31%NP were 0.45, 0.50 and 0.41 mg/(kg·d), respectively.The cumulative N 2O emissions were 13.44, 10.6 and 6.98 μg/kg, respectively, which were significantly lower than other treatments.The differences were detected between 5% DCD, 0.27% CP and 0.31% NP.However, the farm land and marsh land treated by 0.27%CP, and the wood land treated by 0.31%NP showed better inhibitory effects.Therefore, 0.27% CP used for farm land and marsh land and 0.31%NP for wood land, can improve the utilization of urea in the soil and reduce the environmental pollution caused by fertilization in the Caohai area.

关 键 词：硝化抑制剂 土地利用方式 NH4+-N NO3--N N2O 

分 类 号：S158.5[农业科学—土壤学]