两汉廷尉适格人选的变迁及其对我国法官遴选标准的启示  

The Change of Ting Lieutenant’s Qualified Persons in the Han Dynasty and Its Enlightenment to the Selection Criteria for Contemporary Judges

作　　者：林丛 Lin Cong(Law School,Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250358,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学法学院

出　　处：《山东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2019年第4期9-18,共10页Journal of Shandong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：泰山学者工程专项经费资助(2019)

摘　　要：从文吏到儒吏的演进,是儒法由对立而合流在两汉官僚构成领域的重要表现。廷尉作为中央专门司法官员,其适格人选及其角色定位的变化,成为这一演进过程在司法领域的缩影。在文吏政治模式下,廷尉因具有较高的法律素养,被视为文吏式司法工匠,以严格适用、执行律令为己任,延续着秦代的法治政策。同时,自儒术复兴、经典政治盛行之后,廷尉一职渐渐为儒生所染指,成为儒吏司法官的代表。作为两汉时期的"法官",廷尉的适格人选及其角色定位的变化正反映了彼时"法官"遴选标准的变化,实可为我国法治建设提供一定的经验借鉴。在今天,全面推进依法治国、建设法治中国的新形势使得加强司法官员队伍的建设至关重要。应当完善法官遴选标准,考察法官的个体道德修养与职业道德修养,保证法官既具有因考试和培训而获得的资格,又具有相当程度的审判历练,并集专业性与广博性于一身。The evolution from literary officials to Confucian officials is an important manifestation of the Confucianism and law in the field of bureaucratic composition in the Han Dynasty.This trend is obvious when talking about Ting Lieutenant.Because of its duty,Ting Lieutenant,once almost totally from literary officials,has a higher legal accomplishment and is seen as the official position that can reflect legalization in Qin and Han times.However,after the rebirth of Confucianism,Han Confucian can be appointed as Ting Lieutenant as well,which leads to the higher classical literacy of Ting Lieutenant.As "judges" in Han Dynasty,changes of qualified candidates of Ting Lieutenant and role orientation reflect the changes in the selection criteria of the "judges" at that time,which can provide some experience for China's current rule of law construction.Today,the new situation of comprehensively promoting the rule of law and building the rule of law in China has also made it crucial to strengthen the construction of judicial officials.The criteria for judge selection should be improved.The judge's individual moral cultivation and professional ethics should be examined,and they should have not only qualifications obtained for examinations and training,but also trial experiences,and be someone who is professional and profound.

关 键 词：廷尉 法官遴选 道德修养 专业化 

分 类 号：D926.22[政治法律—法学] D691.4