叶用莴苣高温抽薹过程中茎长和花芽分化的观察  

Observation of stem length and flower bud differentiation in lettuce during bolting induced by high temperature

作　　者：李秉妍 张梦佳 李凡 韩莹琰 刘超杰 范双喜 郝敬虹 LI Bingyan;ZHANG Mengjia;LI Fan;HAN Yingyan;LIU Chaojie;FAN Shuangxi;HAO Jinghong(College of Plant Science and Technology/Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technologyin Agricultural Application/National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education,Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China)

机构地区：[1]北京农学院植物科学技术学院/农业应用新技术北京市重点实验室/植物生产国家级实验教学示范中心

出　　处：《北京农学院学报》2019年第3期55-58,共4页Journal of Beijing University of Agriculture

基　　金：2018年北京市自然科学基金-北京市教委联合重点项目(KZ201810020027);2017年北京市农委“菜篮子”新型生产经营主体科技能力提升工程项目;北京市科学技术委员会项目“现代农业产业技术体系北京市叶类蔬菜创新团队建设项目”(BLVP-02)

摘　　要：【目的】观察并分析叶用莴苣高温抽薹过程中茎长变化和花芽分化的进程。【方法】以叶用莴苣耐抽薹品种GB-4为材料,通过石蜡切片方法观察常温20℃/13℃(日/夜)及高温33℃/25℃(日/夜)条件下16、24、32、40、48、56、64d的茎长和花芽分化变化。【结果】经过高温处理后,茎抽长较快,茎顶端生长点由圆锥形逐渐加宽变平,变为半球形,在第32天进入花芽分化始期,第40天花芽基部凸起,第64天分化出总苞片;而常温条件下的叶用莴苣直到第64天才开始花芽分化,茎长变化缓慢。【结论】综合茎长和花芽分化进程的变化,得知叶用莴苣品种GB-4在高温处理第32天开始抽薹。【Objective】 In order to observe the process of flower bud differentiation and the stem height of leaf lettuce treated with high temperature.【Methods】 Leaf lettuce of G-B4 (bolting resistant) was selected as material, which was treated by normal temperature 20 ℃/13 ℃(day/night) and high temperature 33 ℃/25 ℃(day/night). The flower bud differentiation was observed using paraffin section technology in 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56, 64 d.【Results】 The results showed that after high temperature treatment, the stem length was faster, the growth point of the stem tip gradually widened and flattened in a hemispherical shape. On the 32 d, the flower bud differentiation began. On the 40 d, the base of the flower bud was bulgesd. On the 64 d, the total bracts were occured, while the lettuce under normal temperature conditions did not start flower bud differentiation until the 64 d, and the stem length changed slowly.【Conclusion】 By observing differentiation of stem and buds, it was comprehensively found that the tamper resistant lettuce GB-4 began to bolting at 32 d under high-temperature treatment.

关 键 词：叶用莴苣 抽薹 花芽分化 茎长 高温 

分 类 号：S636.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]