滴灌冬小麦抽穗期旗叶对水分的生理响应  

Physiological Responses of Flag Leaves of Winter Wheat to Water During Heading Stage Under Drip Irrigation

作　　者：李国治 李伊 满本菊 崔静[1] LI Guo zhi;LI Yi;MAN Ben ju;CUI Jing(College of Agronomy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2019年第7期6-12,共7页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“根区水分变化滴灌春小麦源库响应的调控效应”(31160260);石河子大学第十五期大学生研究训练计划项目(SRP2017009)

摘　　要：为研究滴灌条件下冬小麦抽穗期水分对旗叶叶片相关生理状况的影响,以新冬22号和新冬43号小麦品种为供试材料,采用单因素随机区组实验设计,进行大田实验,分别设置225mm(W1)、375mm(W2)、525mm(W3)、675mm(W4)和825mm(W5)5个灌水处理,在灌水前后监测土壤水势的变化,同时测定冬小麦旗叶中的叶绿素、丙二醛、可溶性糖、脯氨酸等生理指标以及计算各生理指标在不同灌量下的补偿系数。试验结果表明:相同灌量条件下,土壤水势的恢复能力表现为0~20cm土层最好,20~40cm次之,40~60cm最弱。不同灌量条件下,超过W3灌量的处理均能恢复的较好,而低于W3灌量的W1、W2处理则表现出水分的过度消耗;不同的生理指标对水分的敏感度不同,各指标表现为丙二醛>可溶性糖>脯氨酸>叶绿素;不同土壤水分条件下,可溶性糖、脯氨酸等生理指标均在W3处理下产生的补偿效应最大,其中脯氨酸会有一定的滞后性。因此建议在冬小麦抽穗期,20~60cm土层距离滴灌带15cm处的土壤水势灌前应维持在-85.5^-68.0kPa。In order to study the influence of water at heading stage of winter wheat on the physiological conditions of flag leaf under drip irrigation, with Xindong22 and Xindong43 wheat varieties as experimental material, single factor randomized block experiment design was adopted and a field experiment was conducted. Five water processing, including 225 mm (W1), 375 mm (W2), 525 mm (W3), 675 mm (W4) and 825 mm (W5), were set up. The change of soil water potential was monitored before and after irrigation, and the physiological indexes such as chlorophyll, malondialdehyde, soluble sugar and proline in flag leaves of winter wheat were measured, and the compensation coefficients of each physiological index under different irrigation amounts were calculated. The experimental results show that, under the same irrigation amount, the restoration capacity of soil water potential is the best in 0~20 cm soil layer, followed by 20~40 cm soil layer, and the weakest in 40~60 cm soil layer. Under different irrigation conditions, the treatment with irrigation amount more than W3 could recover well, while the treatment of W1 and W2 with irrigation amount less than W3 showed excessive water consumption. Different physiological indicators have different sensitivity to water, and the order is soluble malonate > sugar > proline > chlorophyll. Under different soil moisture conditions, soluble sugar, proline and other physiological indicators all have the largest compensation effect under W3 treatment, among which proline has a certain lag. Therefore, it is recommended to maintain the soil water potential at -85.5^-68.0 kPa before water potential irrigation in the soil layer 20~60 cm away from the drip irrigation zone at the heading stage of winter wheat.

关 键 词：滴灌 冬小麦 生理响应 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程] S512.11[农业科学—农业工程]