近代中西文化激荡背景下的汉语语法研究70年  

Chinese Grammar Studies in the Past 70 Years: Along with Cultural Impact and Response between China and the West since the Early Modern Times

作　　者：袁毓林[1,2,3] YUAN Yulin(Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;Center for Chinese Linguistics, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;Key Laboratory of Computational Linguistics, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学中文系 [2]北京大学中国语言学研究中心 [3]北京大学计算语言学教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《常熟理工学院学报》2019年第4期1-4,共4页Journal of Changshu Institute of Technology

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大研究项目“汉语意合语法框架下的词汇语义知识表示及其计算系统研究”(18JJD740003);国家社科基金重大项目“基于‘互联网+’的国际汉语教学资源与智慧教育平台研究”(18ZDA295)

摘　　要：文章首先简单回顾了汉语语法学创建的历史文化背景,即近代中国学术对西方文化冲击的回应。然后梳理了汉语语法学者的世系跟近代以来中国知识分子的代际的对应关系,以此为时间框架来观照汉语语法学的变迁:立场从模仿到创新、对象从文言(书面语)到白话(口语、方言)、体系从传统规范语法到现代结构主义描写语法,特别是70年来探索切合汉语结构面貌的分析方法和描写体系的种种尝试。最后呼吁第七代学者脱颖而出,在学习国际上各种先进语言学理论与方法的基础上,自信地开创汉语语法学的新境界。Firstly, this paper briefly reviews the historical and cultural background of the establishment of Chinese grammatics, namely the response of modern Chinese scholars to the impact of the Western culture. Secondly, the paper clarifies the corresponding between the lineage of Chinese grammarians and the generations of Chinese intellectuals since the early modern times. This diachronic framework is adopted to examine shifts in Chinese grammatics over time: the shift of standpoints from imitation to innovation, the shift of objects from literary (written) language to vernacular (spoken) language or dialects, and the shift of systems from traditional prescriptive grammar to modern structural or descriptive grammar, especially different attempts made in the past 70 years to explore analytical methods and descriptive systems applicable to the Chinese language. Finally, an appeal is made for the scholars of the seventh generation to carry forward the cause and create a new realm of Chinese grammatics confidently on the basis of various advanced linguistic of theories and methods in the world.

关 键 词：汉语语法研究 文化冲击与回应 传统语法 描写语法 第七代学者 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]