新形势下巴西共产党的发展战略探析  

The Development Strategy of the Communist Party of Brazil Under the New Situation

作　　者：张春雨 Zhang Chunyu

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国际关系学院

出　　处：《拉丁美洲研究》2019年第3期99-116,157,共19页Journal of Latin American Studies

摘　　要：巴西共产党于2017年11月17—19日召开了第14次全国代表大会,大会最终通过了《广泛的统一战线:巴西的新道路》决议。针对国际政治经济形势,巴西共产党认为国际格局的变化以超级大国美国的相对衰落和若干经济、政治、外交、军事力量中心的出现为主要特征,并从经济、社会和地缘政治三个角度阐述了当今世界资本主义制度自身矛盾性引发的多重危机。针对巴西国内的政治经济局势,巴西共产党充分肯定劳工党执政14年间为巴西国家和社会发展做出的卓越贡献,也指出了劳工党在政治改革、媒体控制以及左翼联盟领导上存在的诸多失误。当前巴西正处于一个历史性的十字路口上。通过回顾和总结巴西共产党14年的参政成就与经验教训,巴西共产党为国家建设和社会发展提出了新的政策路线,并对建党100周年进行了展望,明确了进一步加强党的建设、增强党的力量的新部署和新要求。这些认识都是该党对于相关问题的最新探索成果,对巴西共产党今后的工作方向具有重要的指导意义。The 14th National Congress of the Communist Party of Brazil(PCdoB)was held in Brasilia on November 17-19,2017,which issued the final party declaration titled The Broad Front:The New Path for Brazil.Regarding the international political and economic situation,PCdoB characterized the changes in international structure with the relative decline of the US hegemonic power and the emergence of several economic,political,diplomatic and military power centers,and elaborated the multiple crisis arisen from the internal contradictions of the current capitalism system from economic,social and geopolitical perspectives.Regarding Brazil's internal political and economic situation,PCdoB fully affirmed the outstanding contributions made by PT party in terms of national and social development,meanwhile it also pointed out the errors made by PT party in political reform,media control and leftism alliance leadership.Brazil is now standing at a historic crossroad.By reviewing and summarizing its 14 years’accomplishments and lessons as a participating party in the federal government,PCdoB puts forward new policy guidelines for state-building and social development,clarifies the new task and requirement for party building in the context of celebrating the 100 th anniversary of the founding of PCdoB.Those judgments are the newest crystallization of PCdoB's efforts to deal with relevant issues,which connotes strategic significance for its future development.

关 键 词：巴西共产党 马克思主义 社会主义 十四大统一战线 党的建设 

分 类 号：D377.7[政治法律—政治学]