笼养黑叶猴日行为时间分配及其影响因素研究  

Factors Influencing the Diurnal Behavior of Captive Francois’ Langur(Trachypithecus francoisi)

作　　者：田明亮 郭爱霞[1] 谢绪昌[1] 刘青 薛媛 TIAN Mingliang;GUO Aixia;XIE Xuchang;LIU Qing;XUE Yuan(Jinan Zoo,Jinan,250031,China)

机构地区：[1]济南动物园

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2019年第3期580-589,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：济南市2013年科学技术发展计划第二批项目;国家保护动物黑叶猴异地繁育技术研究(201302132)

摘　　要：2015年10—11月及2016年5—6月,采用扫描取样法对济南动物园13只笼养黑叶猴进行日行为时间分配及其影响因素研究。结果如下:(1)济南动物园黑叶猴日行为中,休息、社会性行为、取食、运动和其他分别占总时间的60.41%、13.56%、13.12%、12.05%和0.86%。(2)黑叶猴成年与亚成年个体的运动和取食差异显著(P<0.05),雄性中成年与亚成年个体的休息和社会性行为差异显著(P<0.05),雌性中成年与亚成年个体的休息和社会性行为差异则不显著(P>0.05)。(3)不同性别黑叶猴的运动差异显著(P<0.05),不同性别亚成年黑叶猴的休息差异显著(P<0.05)。(4)雌性黑叶猴妊娠后期的运动和社会性行为与妊娠前期和未妊娠个体相比显著减少(P<0.05),休息显著增加(P<0.05)。(5)幼仔在育幼期与母亲关系密切,其幼仔行为包括吮乳、幼仔活动和幼仔休息,在3月龄时可占总时间的54.27%,而其母亲的育幼行为包括哺乳、携仔运动、抱仔和护仔,可占总时间的43.92%。(6)黑叶猴幼仔从3月龄生长到6.5月龄,幼仔行为显著减少(P<0.05),社会性行为和睡眠显著增加(P<0.05),其母亲的育幼行为显著减少(P<0.05),社会性行为显著增加(P<0.05)。We studied the time budget of diurnal behaviors and quantified factors influencing the behavior of 13 captive Francois langurs ( Trachypithecus francoisi ) at Jinan Zoo.We used scan sampling from October to November 2015 and from May to June 2016.Resting,social behavior,feeding,moving and other behaviors accounted for 60.41%,13.56%,13.12%,12.05% and 0.86%,respectively.Time budgets for moving and feeding differed between adult and sub-adult langurs ( P <0.05 ).Resting and social behavior differed ( P <0.05 ) between adult and sub-adult males,but not between adult and sub-adult females.Movement budgets differed by gender ( P <0.05 ).Resting by sub-adults differed ( P <0.05 ) by gender.Movement and social behavior by females decreased ( P <0.05 ) during late pregnancy,when resting increased ( P <0.05 ).The relationship between the young and their mothers was very close during lactation.Behaviors of langurs at three months of age ( including suckling,locomotion and resting ) accounted for 54.27% and nursery behavior of mothers ( including lactation,locomotion with young,embracing,and protection ) accounted for 43.92% of total time.As young aged from 3 to 6.5 months,behaviors recorded at 0-3 months decreased ( P <0.05 ) but sleeping and social behavior increased ( P <0.05 ).Nursery behavior of mothers decreased ( P <0.05 ) but social behavior increased ( P <0.05 ) at the same time.

关 键 词：黑叶猴 行为 时间分配 日节律变化 济南动物园 

分 类 号：Q95-339[生物学—动物学]