导游自由执业保险的现实困境与制度设计——基于利益相关者理论的视角  

The Realistic Dilemma and System Design of Tour Guides’ Free Practice Insurance——From the Perspective of Stakeholder Theory

作　　者：王业娜 韩玉灵[2] WANG Yena;HAN Yuling(School of Management,Beijing Institute of Economics and Management,Beijing 100102;China Academy of Tourism Talent Development,Beijing International Studies University,Beijing 100011,China)

机构地区：[1]北京经济管理职业学院管理学院,北京100102 [2]北京第二外国语学院中国旅游人才发展研究院,北京100011

出　　处：《旅游论坛》2019年第3期68-75,共8页Tourism Forum

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(12BGL069);北京经济管理职业学院科研项目(15QNB01)

摘　　要：导游自由执业是优化导游服务供给、缓解供需矛盾的必然路径,其试点虽引发执业保障问题的关注但缺少系统性研究。从利益相关者理论与“多维细分法”的视角思考我国导游自由执业保险的现实困境与制度设计具有一定现实意义。在利益相关者识别的基础上,从法律环境、保险信息等非社会性利益相关者视角分析导游自由执业保险的现实困境,并借鉴美国、澳大利亚、日本、英国四国的保险体系,最终提出以政府、行业组织、导游、保险公司、保险经纪人等社会性利益相关者为路径的导游自由执业保险制度设计。其内容包括健全政策法规,规范配套制度;鼓励保险创新,开发多层次险种;引入保险经纪人制度,降低交易成本;培育投保意识,强化管理责任等。As one of the most important practitioners in the tourism industry, the tour guide’s management mechanism has always been attached to the state of travel agency management. With the adventure of mass tourism and individual tourism era coming, the supply-side structural reform of tour guide has been promoted, and the practice mode of tour guide needs to be transformed from travel agencies to free practice. Although occupational guarantee problems caused by freelance tour guide pilot programs has triggered certain concerns within the industry, it lacks systematic research. Therefore, it is of practical significance to reflect on the realistic dilemma and system design of China's freelance tour guide insurance from the perspective of stakeholder theory and “multidimensional analysis method”.By using the research methods of literature review, comparative analysis, field interview and other research methods, field investigation and evaluation of freelance tour guide pilot practice around the country has been conducted, and comparative analysis of insurance systems in the United States, Australia, Japan and the United Kingdom has been done. On the basis of stakeholder identification, this paper analyzes realistic dilemma and difficulties of freelance tour guide insurance from the perspective of non-stakeholders such as legal environment and insurance information, and finally proposing the insurance system design of freelance tour guide influenced by stakeholders such as government, industry organizations, tour guides, insurance companies and insurance brokers. The design promotes that the tourism authorities should cooperate with insurance companies, insurance brokerage agencies and insurance supervision departments to gradually promote the research and legislation of the professional insurance for tour guides;Detailed specification of the relevant system and the security mechanism should be improved to ensure that the guide insurance related work;We should encourage full competition in the insurance market, enco

关 键 词：导游 自由执业 保险 制度 

分 类 号：F590.652[经济管理—旅游管理]