焊接尘毒危害治理及其控制效果评估  

Engineering Control and Its Effect Evaluation on Welding Fumes Pollution

作　　者：佟林全 王雪涛 杨汉彬 徐洋 贾晋阳 马奎 TONG Linquan;WANG Xuetao;YANG Hanbin;XU Yang;JIA Jinyang;MA Kui(National center for occupational safety and health, NHC Beijing 102300)

机构地区：[1]国家卫生健康委职业安全卫生研究中心

出　　处：《工业安全与环保》2019年第7期57-60,91,共5页Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection

摘　　要：针对厂房内有吊车作业的焊接车间的尘毒危害设计一套局部通风排毒系统,选用可移动式吸气罩、F4-72-8C离心式风机(风量14 503 m^3/h、风压1 946 Pa、转速1 350 r/min),通过职业卫生与环境检测,各项指标符合相关标准(电焊烟尘CSTEL降低68%、锰及其无机化合物CSTEL降低58%、烟尘排放质量浓度1.25 mg/m^3、烟尘排放速率8.5×10^-3 kg/h),在改善室内作业环境的同时解决了大气污染物无组织排放问题。局部通风排毒系统在焊接车间的成功应用,为帮助企业解决职业卫生和环境保护面临的难题,提供一个新的解决途径。A local ventilation and detoxification system is designed for controling dust and poison hazards in welding workshop which has the bridge crane operations. A movable exhaust hood and centrifugal fan of F4-72-8C is chosen for the system(in which air rate is 14 503 m^3/h, the air pressure is 1 946 Pa and the rev is 1 350 r/min). Through detection of occupational and environmental risk factors, various indicators meet relevant standards,(concentration-short term exposure of welding fume is decreased by 68%, the concentration-short term exposure of manganese and inorganic compounds decreased by 58%, emission concentration of fume is 1.25 mg/m^3 and emission rate of fume is 8.5×10^-3 kg/h). The local ventilation and detoxification system can improve the workplace environment and solve the problem of unorganized emission of air pollutants at the same time. The successful application of the system in welding workshop offers a new solution for enterprises to solve the problems of occupational health and environmental protection.

关 键 词：焊接工艺 尘毒危害 局部通风排毒系统 职业卫生 环境保护 

分 类 号：R136[医药卫生—劳动卫生]