木瓜海棠2个优良品种繁育技术和开发利用前景  

Breeding Technique and Development Utilization Prospect of Two Fine Cultivars of Chaenomoles cathayana

作　　者：赵东武 范永明 ZHAO Dong-wu;FAN Yong-ming(Institute of Landscape Planning and Design,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450002;College of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]河南农大风景园林规划设计院,河南郑州450002 [2]北京林业大学园林学院,北京100083

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2019年第14期36-38,104,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：介绍了木瓜海棠(Chaenomoles cathayensis(Hemsl.)Schneid.)2个优良品种,即‘蜀红’木瓜海棠‘ShuHong’和‘球果’木瓜海棠‘Qiuguo’,cv.nov.。‘蜀红’木瓜海棠落叶丛生灌木或小乔木。花单生或(2~)3~5朵簇生在2年生以上短枝或刺枝上。花两性,稀单性(雌蕊不发育)及萼筒2枚并生。单花具花瓣5枚,稀4枚或6~8枚,偶有10枚,深红色。果实圆柱状,中间稍凹。‘球果’木瓜海棠为落叶、半常绿丛生灌木或小乔木。花单生或3~5朵簇生在2年生以上短枝或刺枝上,粉色或白色。果实球状,萼筒肉质化,成瘤状。同时,简述其主要生态习性,总结其繁育技术、栽培措施,提出其开发利用建议。Two cultivars of the Chaenomoles cathayensis (Hemsl.)Schneid were introduced.They are Chaenomoles cathayensis (Hemsl.)Schneid.‘Shu Hong’ and Chaenomoles cathayensis (Hemsl.)Schneid ‘Qiuguo’.‘Shu Hong’ is deciduous shrub or small trees.Its flowers solitary or(2 ~)3 ~ 5 clusters in 2 years old short branch or thorny branch.The flowers are bisexual,dilute sex(pistil does not develop)and calyx tube two grow together.Most single flower has 5 petals,some also have 4 or 6 to 8 petals,occasionally 10 petals.The colour is oxblood red.Its fruits are cylindrical,slightly concave in the middle. Chaenomoles cathayensis (Hemsl.)Schneid.‘Qiuguo’ is a deciduous or semi evergreen shrub or small tree.Its flowers solitary or 3 ~ 5 clusteres in more than 2-year-old short branch or thorny branch,the colour is pink or white.Its fruits are globose,with succulent and timorous calyx tube.At the same time,its main ecological habits briefly were described;their breeding technology,cultivation measures and other valuable experiences were summed up and the views of development and utilization were put forward.

关 键 词：木瓜海棠 优良品种 繁育技术 栽培措施 开发利用 河南 

分 类 号：S661.6[农业科学—果树学]