新疆天山大气桦木花粉与气象因子的相关分析  

The correlation between airborne Betula pollen content and meteorological factors in the Tianshan Mountains, Xinjiang,China

作　　者：李媛媛 张芸[1,3] 倪健 孔昭宸[1] 王力[1,5] 李玉梅[6] 陈立欣 Yuanyuan Li;Yun Zhang;Jian Ni;Zhaochen Kong;Li Wang;Yumei Li;Lixin Chen(State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, In stitu te of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China;College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;College of Resources, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050031, China;College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China;College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijin g 100049, China;College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所,植被与环境变化国家重点实验室,北京100093 [2]中国科学院大学生命科学学院,北京100049 [3]河北地质大学资源学院,石家庄050031 [4]浙江师范大学化学与生命科学学院,金华321004 [5]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049 [6]吉林大学地球科学学院,长春130061

出　　处：《科学通报》2019年第18期1909-1921,共13页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41572331,41272386,90102009);中国科学院知识创新重大项目(KZCX1-10-05)、中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA19050103)资助;中国地质科学院基本科研业务费专项(YYWF201627)

摘　　要：大气花粉的运移和沉降与各地的气象因子间存在着密切的联系.通过在新疆中天山地区处于不同植被带的3个研究点(新疆天池气象站、阜康荒漠生态系统定位站及北沙窝草炭试验站)安装花粉收集器,进行了长达5年(2001年7月~2006年7月)的大气中桦木属花粉的监测,目的是为了探讨桦木属花粉的数量变化和时空分布动态特征,以及与各个气象因子之间的响应关系.研究结果表明:(1)桦木属花粉组合与植物的花期相对应,具有季节性变化.在2003年, 3个研究点的桦木属花粉浓度都最低,可能与2003年年平均温度降低有关,低温致使花粉减产.(2)由桦木属花粉含量与主要气象因子的相关分析得出,天池研究点和阜康研究点的年平均温度高低直接影响着桦木属花粉浓度大小,年平均降水和日照时数则在不同地区表现出相反的影响,风速和风向对桦木属花粉的散布有一定影响.(3)新疆天池地区大气中桦木属花粉的产量能反映其植物分布情况;而中天山地区一些表土和全新世地层中的桦木属花粉含量偏高,应能直接表明其古植被中的植物区系成分的组成,且与全新世气候变化及人类活动的影响密切相关.该项研究有助于新疆地区古气候重建、大气环境监测和生态文明建设.Studies have shown that there is a close relationship between the transport and deposition of airborne pollen and meteorological factors. The aim of this study was to investigate quantitative changes in airborne Betula pollen, its spatial and temporal distribution dynamics, and its response to meteorological factors. In order to do this, we installed three sets of Cour airborne pollen traps at Xinjiang Tianchi Meteorological Station, Fukang Ecological Positioning Station, and Beishawo Experimental Station, which are located in areas of different vegetation types in the central Tianshan Mountains in northern Xinjiang of China, to monitor airborne Betula pollen data for approximately 5 years(July 2001 to July 2006).Our results showed that:(1) The 5-year average airborne pollen dataset showed variation in the dynamics of Betula pollen at different sites. At the Tianchi research site Betula pollen appeared in late April and reached its peak after 2 weeks,in early May, then decreased rapidly. The peak value of Betula pollen at Fukang research site also occurred in early May,and then slowly decreased. At Beishawo research site, it reached its peak value in mid-May, and slowly fell after a week. In autumn, some Betula pollen may remain on trees or on the soil surface, having been blown there by the wind. However, the pollen concentration in winter was extremely low, almost zero. The diversity and abundance of different Betula species present in the pollen dataset corresponded to the flowering periods of different species and varied with season. Over these5 years, the peak period of Betula pollen has advanced year by year. The flowering phenology of birch plants has also advanced year by year during these 5 years, likely owing to the increasing annual average temperature. Across the three research sites, the concentration of airborne Betula pollen decreased to its lowest level in 2003, which had the lowest annual average temperature. This suggests that airborne Betula pollen production decreased because of lower temperat

关 键 词：桦木属 大气花粉浓度 年平均温度 中天山 新疆 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]