劳动力流动与中国城市居民的工资变动  

Labor Mobility and Wage Changes of Urban Residents in China

作　　者：许岩 尹晓[2] 尹希果[3] XU Yan;YIN Xiao;YIN Xiguo(Research Center for Economy of Upper Reaches of the Yangtse River,Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China;School of Public Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China;School of Economics and Business Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China)

机构地区：[1]重庆工商大学长江上游经济研究中心,重庆400067 [2]重庆大学公共管理学院,重庆400030 [3]重庆大学经济与工商管理学院,重庆400030

出　　处：《人口与经济》2019年第4期47-64,共18页Population & Economics

基　　金：重庆市社科规划博士项目(2018BS65);国家社会科学基金西部项目“新常态下人力资本集聚外部效应与产业结构调整研究”(15XRK003)

摘　　要：改革开放以来,规模日益扩大的劳动力流动是一个具有典型政治经济学特征的利益再分配的过程,那么城市居民的福利在这一过程中究竟是受益还是受损了呢?通过使用2013年中国家庭收入调查(CHIP)的城市居民数据和手工收集的城市特征数据,本文从工资的角度考察了劳动力流动(包括净流入与净流出)对城市居民福利所产生的影响。研究发现:从工资的角度来看,中国的劳动力流动是一个具有经济效率的“帕累托改进”的过程,不管是劳动力净流入还是劳动力净流出,均对城市居民工资有促进作用。此外,劳动力净流入所诱发的流入地城市居民与流动人口间的劳动再分工,以及劳动力净流出对流出地劳动力市场有效供给的冲击,可能是造成劳动力流动提高当地城市居民工资的主要机制。Since the reform and opening up, the growing mobility of labor force is an interest redistribution process with typical characteristics of political economy. In this process, has the welfare of urban residents been benefited or damaged? Through using the micro data from China Household Income Projection (CHIP) survey and city data manual collected, this study investigates the impact of labor mobility (including net inflow and net outflow) on the welfare of local urban residents from the perspective of wages. We find that China’s labor mobility is a process of “Pareto improvement” with economic efficiency. No matter be net inflow or net outflow of the labor force, both of them have a stimulative effect on the wages of local urban residents. In addition, the labor re-division between urban residents and rural migrants which induced by net flow of labor force, and the impact of net outflow on the supply of urban labor markets may be the main mechanism that labor mobility improves the wages of local urban residents.

关 键 词：劳动力流动 城市居民 工资 

分 类 号：F014.2[经济管理—政治经济学]