单株和簇状植物分布方式对消波的影响试验  

Experimental study on wave attenuation effects by single and patchy rigid vegetation

作　　者：彭浩 陈杰[1,2,3] 蒋昌波 何飞[1] 隆院男 屈科[1,4] 邓斌[1,2,4] 伍志元 PENG Hao;CHEN Jie;JIANG Changbo;HE Fei;LONG Yuannan;QU Ke;DENG Bin;WU Zhiyuan(School of Hydraulic Engineering,Changsha University of Science & Technology,Changsha 410114,China;Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province,Changsha 410114,China;Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province,Changsha 410114,China;Engineering and Technical Center of Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection for River-Lake Dredging Pollution Control,Changsha 410114,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学水利工程学院,湖南长沙410114 [2]洞庭湖水环境治理与生态修复湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410114 [3]水沙科学与水灾害防治湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410114 [4]湖南省环境保护河湖污染控制工程技术中心,湖南长沙410114

出　　处：《水利水电科技进展》2019年第4期27-34,共8页Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51839002);湖南省自然科学基金(2018JJ3546);长沙理工大学研究生科研创新项目(CX2017SS10)

摘　　要：在波浪水槽中规则波和不规则波水力条件下开展多组次物理模型试验,探究单株和簇状刚性植物分布方式对消波特性的影响。结果表明,单株矩形分布植物带密度相同时,适当增加相邻植物间沿流向的距离,消波效果增强;对于单株交错分布植物带,拖曳力系数随植物间距以及植物淹没度的增大而增大;对于簇状植物带,透射系数随单簇内植物株数的增加以及簇中心间距的减小而减小。在试验条件下得到了植物带消波效果与水动力因素和植物因素之间的拟合关系式,揭示了植物分布密度和分布排列结构对植物消波的影响。The primary objective of this study is to explore the wave attenuation effects of single and patchy arrays of rigid vegetation under both regular and irregular wave conditions by multi-group physical model tests.The experimental results show that for vegetation belts of a single-rectangular distribution with the same distribution density,wave dissipation is higher with an increasing space between adjacent plants along the flow direction.For vegetation belts of a single-staggered distribution,drag coefficients increase with an increasing space between plants and submergence ratio.For the patchy vegetation belts,transmission coefficients decrease with the increasing number of plants within a single patch and the decreasing space between adjacent patches.Fitting relationships between wave attenuation and hydrodynamic factors as well as vegetation factors are obtained under the experimental conditions,revealing the effects of distribution densities and arrangement structures of vegetation belts on wave attenuation.

关 键 词：刚性植物 单株形式 簇状形式 分布方式 透射系数 拖曳力系数 

分 类 号：U656.311[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程] P731.22[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]